exploreCARPATHIA
Attractions along the Carpathians
Transylvania / Romania

Sepsiszentgyörgy

Sfântu Gheorghe
Sepsiszentgyörgy
Hungarian:
Sepsiszentgyörgy
Romanian:
Sfântu Gheorghe
German:
Sankt Georgen
Sepsiszentgyörgy
Andreea.anghel, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Historical Hungarian county:
Háromszék
Country:
Romania
County:
Covasna
River:
Olt
Altitude:
520-580 m
GPS coordinates:
45.864573, 25.789002
Google map:
Population
Population:
54k
Hungarian:
74.21%
Population in 1910
Total 8665
Hungarian 96%
German 1.8%
Vlach 1.2%
Coat of Arms
ROU CV Sfantu Gheorghe CoA
Szekeres Attila István, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

In the 12th century, Sepsiszék and its centre Szentgyörgy was founded by Székelys that were moved from the area of today's Szászsebes. The name of the Székely seat, Sepsi, is derived from the name of the former settlement of its inhabitants. The Székelys had equal rights with the nobles, owned their own land, paid mostly no taxes, but in return they were obliged to go to war one by one to defend Hungary from foreign invasions. From the middle of the 15th century, Szentgyörgy was called a town. In 1562, three Székely seats (Sepsiszék, Orbaiszék and Kézdiszék) were united under the name of Háromszék (Three seats), and its centre became Sepsiszentgyörgy. In 1764 it became the station of a Hussar border guard regiment. In 1848, thanks to Gábor Áron, the people of Háromszék declared to join the Hungarian War of Independence in the ceremonial hall of the headquarters of Háromszék. Gábor Áron and his companions cast cannons from bells in the foundries of Háromszék for the War of Independence. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, with the support of Count Mikó Imre, the new building of the Reformed College was constructed, which later took the name of the Reformed Székely Mikó College. The Székely National Museum, designed by Kós Károly, was opened in the town. The famous architect enriched the town's image with several buildings. In 1876, when the public administration was modernised, the Székely seats were abolished and the town became the seat of Háromszék County. From 1952 to 1960, it was part of the Hungarian autonomous region, created under Soviet pressure, which was gradually abolished by the Romanians. In 1968 it became the seat of Kovászna County. It is still a Hungarian majority town.

History
Sights
© OpenStreetMap contributors
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
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895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
10th century
There was a settlement on the site of the fortified church according to archaeological finds.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
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1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
12th century
The Székelys moved to this area from the territory of present day Szászsebes. The Sepsi (originally sebesi) name refers to where they came from. The King of Hungary settled Saxons in their place, who established the town of Szászsebes. Sebes is the name of its river and it means swift in Hungarian. The Székelys were organized into special administrative units called seats (szék). They elected their leaders themselves, had equal rights with the nobles, owned their lands and were mostly exempt from taxation. In exchange for all these privileges, they were obliged to enlist as soldiers in the event of an external attack on Hungary.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
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1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
1252
According to a document, the area was inhabited by Hungarians. Probably Bulgarian-Slavic population lived in the neighbourhood before them based on the place names.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
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1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1332
The settlement was mentioned for the first time as Sancto Georgio.
1427
King Sigismund of Hungary stayed in Szentgyörgy. He took part in delivering justice at the seat gathering on 12 May, therefore the settlement was probably the centre of the Székely seat. The royal diplomas issued here called the settlement Zenthgywrgy and Zentgeurg, but it wasn’t called town.
1437
The three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Székelys and the Saxons) formed an alliance in Kápolna (Union of Kápolna). This union gained its true significance after 1570, when Transylvania became an independent principality due to the Turkish conquest of central Hungary. These three nations were represented in the Transylvanian Diet, and they elected the prince. Vlach migrants (mostly shepherds and peasants) were a small minority at the time and were excluded from the political power just like Hungarian peasants.
January 9, 1448
Hunyadi János delivered justice at the gathering of the Seat of Sepsi (Sepsiszék).
1456
Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade)
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1456
The Turkish army of Sultan Mehmed II, the conqueror of Constantinople, besieged the castle of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade), which was the southern gateway to Hungary. But the Hungarian army, led by Hunyadi János, won a decisive victory over the twice to three times larger Turkish army. The Pope had earlier ordered that church bells should be rung every noon to pray for the victory of the defenders. Hunyadi János died of plague in the camp after the battle.
1459
Sepsi Seat was called the Seat of Sepsiszentgyörgy.
October 22, 1461
The settlement was called oppidum for the first time. Oppidums paid tax, but went to war only when the country was threatened by great danger.
1492
Vajda Báthory István of Transylvania granted the settlement the title of privileged town.
1520
King Louis II of Hungary extended the town’s right to hold fairs, which the town had gained much earlier.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
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1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
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1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary, who later established the Principality of Transylvania.
1547
Daczó Pál fortified the present day Calvinist church built in the 14-15th centuries. Its precursor was a parish church dedicated to Szt. George. The walls of the inner castle were also built at that time.
1562
Three Székely seats (Sepsi, Orbai and Kézdi) were united as Háromszék (Three Seats).
1570
The establishment of the Principality of Transylvania
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1570
John II (John Sigismund), the son of King John I of Hungary, renounced the title of King of Hungary in favor of King Maximilian of the House of Habsburg, and henceforth held the title of Prince. This formally created the Principality of Transylvania, which was the eastern half of Hungary not ruled by the Habsburgs and was also a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. John II died in 1571, after which the three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Székelys and the Saxons) elected the prince.
1591-1606
Fifteen Years' War
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1591-1606
The Ottoman Empire started a war against the Habsburg Empire. The war was waged in the territory of Hungary. The Turks defeated the combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Principality of Transylvania in the battle of Mezőkeresztes in 1596, but their victory was not decisive. The war devastated the Principality of Transylvania, which was occupied by the Habsburg army, and General Basta introduced a reign of terror.
17th century
The outer walls and defences were probably built at that time. They were demolished at the beginning of the 20th century.
1604-1606
Uprising of Bocskai István
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1604-1606
The alliance of the Habsburgs and the Principality of Transylvania was defeated by the Ottoman Empire in the Fifteen Years' War. The war devastated Transylvania, which was occupied by the Habsburg imperial army, and General Basta introduced a reign of terror. The nobility and the burghers were upset about the terror, the plundering mercenaries and the violent Counter-Reformation. Bocskai István decided to lead their uprising after the Habsburg emperor tried to confiscate his estates. Bocskai also rallied the hajdú warriors to his side. He was elected Prince of Transylvania and soon liberated the Kingdom of Hungary from the Habsburgs. In 1605 Bocskai István was crowned King of Hungary with the crown he received from the Turks.
23 June 1606
Peace of Vienna
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23 June 1606
Bocski István made peace with Emperor Rudolf. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and the freedom of religion. The counties of Szatmár, Bereg and Ugocsa were annexed to the Principality of Transylvania. Bocskai died of illness in the same year, leaving to his successors the idea of unifying Hungary from Transylvania.
1619
The campaign of Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
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1619
At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania went to war against the Habsburg emperor as an ally of the rebelling Czech-Moravian-Austrian estates. The whole Kingdom of Hungary joined him, only the Austrian defenders of Pozsony had to be put to the sword. With his allies, he laid siege to Vienna. However, he was forced to abandon the siege because the Habsburg-loyal Hungarian aristocrat Homonnai Drugeth György attacked his heartland with Polish mercenaries. On 25 August 1620, the Diet of Besztercebánya elected Bethlen Gábor King of Hungary as vassal of the Turks. He continued to fight after the defeat of the Czechs at White Mountain on 8 November 1620, but without real chance to achieve decisive victory, he decided to come to an agreement with Emperor Ferdinand II.
31 December 1621
Peace of Nikolsburg
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31 December 1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand II. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and later it was supplemented with the freedom of religion. Bethlen renounced the title of King of Hungary in exchange for seven counties of the Upper Tisza region (Szabolcs, Szatmár, Bereg, Ugocsa, Zemplén, Borsod, Abaúj) for the rest of his life, other estates in Hungary as his private property and the imperial title of Duke of Oppeln and Ratibor (Opole and Racibórz), one of the Duchies of Silesia. Prince Bethlen went to war against the Habsburgs in 1623 and 1626, but was unable to negotiate more favourable terms.
1644-1645
The campaign of Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
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1644-1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania allied with the Swedes and the French in the Thirty Years' War and went to war against the Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand III. On 18 July 1645 his army joined forces with Torstenson's Swedish army under Brno (Moravia). The excellent artillery of Transylvania opened fire on the city walls. However, Rákóczi had to give up the siege, having been informed that the Turks were planning a punitive campaign against Transylvania, because he went to war against the Sultan's prohibition.
16 December 1645
Peace of Linz
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16 December 1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand III. It secured the freedom of religion for the Protestants and extended it also to the serfs. Rákóczi received the same seven Hungarian counties that Prince Bethlen Gábor had also held (Abauj, Zemplén, Borsod, Bereg, Ugocsa, Szabolcs, Szatmár) until his death, and the counties of Szabolcs and Szatmár were also to be inherited by his sons. The Rákóczi family also received several new estates.
1657
Prince Rákóczi György II of Transylvania launched a campaign for the crown of Poland in alliance with Carl X Gustaf of Sweden. His aim was to unite the Hungarian-Polish-Wallachian forces against the Turks. The campaign started successfully with the prince taking Kraków and Warsawa, but then the King of Sweden abandoned him. The vengeful Poles invaded northern Transylvania, burning defenceless villages, destroying churches and castles. Soon the punitive campaign of Turkish and Tatar armies devastated Transylvania, as the prince launched his Polish campaign against the Sultan's will.
1658
Tatars plundered Sepsiszentgyörgy. The Tartars ravaged and plundered throughout Transylvania and Grand Vizier Köprülü Mehmed captured Jenő Castle. The Estates of Transylvania sent Barcsay Ákos to the camp of the grand vizier to beg for mercy. In return, the Grand Vizier demanded that the annual tax be raised from 15 to 40 thousand forints (gold coins) and that Lugos and Karansebes be ceded. This was the price for the Turks to leave Transylvania. The grand vizier appointed Barcsay prince on 14 September.
1659
Prince Rákóczi György II returned to Transylvania and forced Barcsay Ákos to retreat to Szeben and besieged him.
May 22, 1660
In the battle of Sászfenes, Pasha Shejdi Ahmed of Buda defeated Rákóczi György II, who lost his life. The Tatar armies invaded Transylvania for the second time.
1660
Kemény János, the former commander of Prince Rákóczi György II, besieged Fogaras Castle defended by Barcsay András, the brother of Prince Barcsay Ákos. He surrendered the castle by order of the prince. Kemény János hanged him on 16 May for trying to negotiate with the Turks.
November 1660
Kemény János defeated the army of Gáspár, the brother of Prince Barcsay András, at Örményes. Barcsay Gáspár fell in the battle. Then, on 31 December, Barcsay Ákos renounced the throne. In 1661 Kemény János had Barcsay Ákos captured and murdered.
1661
The army of Pasha Seydi Ahmed of Buda marched into Transylvania, after the country assembly held in Beszterce on 23 April declared the independence of Transylvania from the Ottoman Empire and placed the country under the protection of Emperor Leopold I. On 14 September, Pasha Ali forced the country assembly to elect Apafi Mihály Prince of Transylvania in Marosvásárhely.
1661
The Turks occupied the town. Its population had been severely depleted in the wars of the past few years.
January 23, 1662
The deposed prince Kemény János, having been abandoned by his imperial allies, was defeated by the Turks at Nagyszőlős (near Segesvár), where he fell.
1683
Turkish defeat at Vienna and the formation of the Holy League
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1683
The combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Kingdom of Poland defeated the Turkish army besieging Vienna. Emperor Leopold I wanted to make peace with the Turks, but was refused by Sultan Mehmed IV. In 1684, at the persistent urging of Pope Innocent XI, the Holy League, an alliance of the Kingdom of Poland, the Habsburg Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Papal States, was formed to expel the Turks from Hungary. Thököly Imre, who had allied himself with the Turks, was gradually driven out of northern Hungary.
1686
Recapture of Buda and the liberation of Hungary from the Turks
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1686
The army of the Holy League recaptured Buda from the Turks by siege. In 1687, the Imperial army invaded the Principality of Transylvania. The liberation was hindered by the French breaking their promise of peace in 1688 and attacking the Habsburg Empire. By 1699, when the Peace of Karlóca was signed, all of Hungary and Croatia had been liberated from the Ottoman Empire with the exception of Temesköz, the area bounded by the Maros, the Tisza and the Danube rivers. It was not until the Peace of Požarevac in 1718 that Temesköz was liberated from the Turks. However, the continuous war against the Turkish invaders and the Habsburg autocracy, which lasted for more than 150 years, wiped out large areas of the Hungarian population, which had previously made up 80% of the country's population, and was replaced by Vlachs (Romanians), Serbs and other Slavic settlers and Germans. The Habsburgs also favoured the settlement of these foreign peoples over the 'rebellious' Hungarians.
1690
Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary again, with internal autonomy and freedom of religion
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1690
According to the Diploma Leopoldinum issued by Emperor Leopold I, Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary again and Hungarian law remained in force. The three nations (the Hungarians, the Székelys – who are also Hungarians –, and the Saxons) administered its internal affairs with autonomy and the freedom of religion was also preserved. The incorporation of Transylvania into the Habsburg Empire was prevented by the temporary election of Thököly Imre as Prince of Transylvania in 1690 with Turkish help.
1703-1711
Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
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1703-1711
After the expulsion of the Turks, the Habsburgs treated Hungary as a newly conquered province and did not respect its constitution. The serfs rose up against the Habsburg ruler because of the sufferings caused by the war and the heavy burdens, and they invited Rákóczi Ferenc II to lead them. Trusting in the help promised by King Louis XIV of France, he accepted. Rákóczi rallied the nobility to his side, and soon most of the country was under his control. The rebels were called the kurucs. In 1704, the French and the Bavarians were defeated at the Battle of Blenheim, depriving the Hungarians of their international allies. The Rusyn, Slovak and Vlach peasants and the Saxons of Szepes supported the fight for freedom, while the Serbs in the south and the Saxons in Transylvania served the Habsburgs. Due to lack of funds Rákóczi could not raise a strong regular army, and in 1710, Hungary was also hit by a severe plague. Rákóczi tried unsuccessfully to forge an alliance with Tsar Peter the Great of Russia. In his absence, without his knowledge, his commander-in-chief, Károlyi Sándor, accepted Emperor Joseph I's peace offer. The Peace of Szatmár formally restored the Hungarian constitution and religious freedom and granted amnesty, but did not ease the burden of serfdom. Rákóczi refused to accept the pardon and went into exile. He died in Rodosto, Turkey.
1717-18
A great drought and plague struck the town.
1728, 1738
An earthquake shook the town causing large destruction. The tower of the church collapsed. It was rebuilt in 1761.
1763
Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the border guard. She set up three Székely and two Vlach border regiments. They started the forced conscription of the Székelys, who resisted in defence of their traditions and privileges. The imperial army led by Baron Siskovics József attacked Mádéfalva, where the Székely leaders had gathered, and massacred 200 Székelys, including women and children, with savage cannon fire on 7 January 1764. This event is known in history as the 'Madefalva Massacre' or 'Madefalva Calamity'.
1764
The town became the duty station of the Hussar border regiment. This laid a burden on the population, but the establishment of the relating institutions started the urbanization of the settlement.
1802
An earthquake shook the town, which damaged the church as well. The bell tower collapsed again. The tower that can be seen today was built in 1829.
1848-1849
Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
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1848-1849
Following the news of the Paris Revolution on 22 February 1848, the Hungarian liberal opposition led by Kossuth Lajos demanded the abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, a parliament elected by the people, and an independent and accountable national government. The revolution that broke out in Pest on 15 March expressed its demands in 12 points, which, in addition to the above mentioned, included the freedom of the press, equality before the law, the release of the political prisoners and the union with Transylvania. A Hungarian government was formed, Batthyány Lajos became prime minister, and on 11 April Emperor Ferdinand V ratified the reform laws. On August 31 the Emperor demanded the repeal of the laws threatening with military intervention. In September the Emperor unleashed the army of Jelacic, Ban of Croatia, on Hungary, but they were defeated by the Hungarians in the Battle of Pákozd on 29 September. An open war began for the independence of Hungary. The Habsburgs incited the nationalities against the Hungarians. The Rusyns, the Slovenes and most of the Slovaks and Germans supported the cause persistently, but the Vlachs (Romanians) and the Serbians turned against the Hungarians. The glorious Spring Campaign in 1849 led by General Görgei Artúr liberated almost all of Hungary. On 1 May 1849, Emperor Franz Joseph, effectively admitting defeat, asked for the help of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who sent an intervention army of 200,000 soldiers against Hungary. The resistance became hopeless against the overwhelming enemy forces and on 13 August Görgei Artúr surrendered to the Russians at Világos. Bloody reprisals followed, and on 6 October 1849, 12 generals and a colonel of the Hungarian Revolution, the martyrs of Arad, were executed in Arad. On the same day, Batthyány Lajos, the first Hungarian Prime Minister, was executed by firing squad in Pest. The Habsburgs introduced total authoritarianism in Hungary, but they also failed to fulfil their promises to the nationalities that had betrayed the Hungarians.
November 16, 1848
In the assembly hall of the house of the seat, the beginning of the self-defence fight of Háromszék was declared thanks to the brave and determined action of Gábor Áron. Gábor Áron and his companions cast cannons from bells for the Hungarian War of Independence in the foundries of Hármszék.
July 5, 1849
The small troop of Gál Sándor fought for life and death outside Sepsiszentgyörgy outnumbered by the Russian invasion forces. Their are buried under the mound next to the road leading to Gidófalva.
after 1849
During the bloody retaliation, the Russian and Austrian soldiers used the thick tomes of the local archives as cobblestones on the muddy streets of the town. The entire archives of Háromszék was destroyed and much of the town archives as well. The town was forced to pay tribute and the leaders were executed.
April 29, 1854
According to the tradition, the Székely martyrs Bartalis Ferenc and Váradi József were executed at the foot of the Őrkő (Guardstone) Hill on the west side of the town. They participated in the Makk Conspiracy, which wanted to restart the Hungarian War of Independence against the Habsburg Empire. There is a memorial on the site of the execution.
second half of the 19th century
The third permanent theatre of Transylvania was established in Sepsiszentgyörgy after Kolozsvár and Dés.
1858
A grammar school was established.
1867
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
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1867
The Habsburg Empire was weakened by the defeats it suffered in the implementation of Italian and German unity. The Hungarians wanted to return to the reform laws of 1848, but they did not have the strength to do so. Emperor Franz Joseph and the Hungarian opposition, led by Deák Ferenc, finally agreed to restructure the Empire and abolish absolutism. Hungary was given autonomy in its internal affairs, with its own government and parliament, which was essential for the development of its economy and culture. However, foreign and military affairs remained in the hands of the Habsburgs and served their aspiration for becoming a great power. The majority wanted Hungary's independence, but they were excluded from political power.
1870-76
The main building of the grammar school was constructed. The plans were made by Zohalf Gusztáv and financed by Count Mikó Imre, who supported the school with an additional 60,000 forints. The generous supporter died the same year, therefore they decided to include his name in the name of the school, just like the name of the founding Reformed (Calvinist) church and the Székely nation. The school got the name Református Székely Mikó Tanoda, and later it was renamed to Református Székely Mikó Kollégium (high school).
1875
Zathureczky Emília, the widow of Cserey János, founded the Székely National Museum in Imecsfalva, which was taken over by the Székely community in 1879, when it was moved to Sepsiszentgyörgy.
1876
Public administration was modernized and medieval structures were abolished in Hungary. The autonomy of the Székelys was abolished and their traditional administrative units, the seats, were incorporated into the county system.
1879
A zobacco factory was established. Soon a textile factory was also established.
1891-1897
The railway line between Brassó and Kézdivásárhely and the one leading to Csíkszereda were constructed.
1905
The bridge over the Olt River was constructed.
1908
Sepsiszentgyörgy was the first town in Háromszék, where electric power was introduced.
1911-1912
The building of the Székely National Museum was constructed according to the plans of Kós Károly.
1914-1918
World War I
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1914-1918
As part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Hungary took part in the war on the side of the Central Powers.
1916
On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. The Romanians invaded most of Székelyland. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).
1918
On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compiègne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.
November 1918 - January 1919
The Czech, Romanian and Serbian occupation of Hungary
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November 1918 - January 1919
In Hungary, the freemasonic subversion brought the pro-Entente Károlyi Mihály to power. The new government, naively trusting the Entente powers, met all their demands and disbanded the Hungarian military, which rendered the country completely defenseless in the most dire need. Under French and Italian command, Czech, Romanian and Serbian troops invaded large parts of Hungary, where they immediately began the takeover. They fired Hungarian railway workers, officials and teachers, banned the use of the Hungarian language, abolished Hungarian education, and disposed of everything that reminded them of the country's Hungarian past. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were forced to leave their homeland, and the forcible assimilation of the remaining Hungarians was begun.
December, 1918
In Kolozsvár, on the initiative of retired Lieutenant General Lukács Béla, the Székely Division was created to defend against the Romanian troops invading Transylvania. It was the only well-equipped, combat-ready Hungarian military force to fight against the Romanian conquerors. At its peak it numbered about 12,000. In Hungary, the political power was usurped by the pro-Entente left-wing government of Károlyi Mihály, which let down the Székely Division and disbanded the Hungarian military. The communists, to whom Károlyi Mihály conceded the power, were also hostile towards the Székely Division. Later most of its soldiers took part in the North Campaign that temporarily liberated a significant part of northern Hungary from the Czech invaders.
from 1918
By 1922, 197,000 Hungarians were forced to leave the Romanian-occupied part of the country. By 1939 a further 169,000 Hungarians had left Transylvania, mostly aristocrats, intellectuals and a significant number of farmers. Most of them moved to Hungary. Before the Romanian invasion, 1,662,000 Hungarians lived in Transylvania, 32 percent of the population.
until 1920
The town was the seat of Háromszék County.
4 June 1920
Trianon Dictate
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4 June 1920
Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon, although the country was not invited to the peace talks. Hungary lost two thirds of its territory that had belonged to it for more than 1000 years. One-third of the Hungarian population came under foreign rule. On the basis of the national principle, countries with a more mixed and less ethnically balanced composition than the former Hungary were created, such as Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). For example, while 48% of the population of the territory ceded to Czechoslovakia was Slovak and 30% Hungarian, 54% of the population of the former Hungary was Hungarian and 10.6% Slovak. And in the territory that is now part of Serbia, the Hungarians outnumbered the Serbs. The part of the territory allocated to Romania from Hungary was larger than the remaining territory of Hungary, despite the fact that there were 10 million Hungarians and less than 3 million Romanians in the former Hungary. While Hungary used to have the most liberal nationality policy in Europe, the successor states had no respect at all for the national and cultural rights of the indigenous Hungarians and engaged in forced assimilation. The Trianon Dictate destroyed the organic economic unity of the region. Before the First World War, Hungary had a dynamic economy, more advanced than Spain's. After 1920, the successor states formed the so-called "Little Entente", putting Hungary under an economic blockade and sabotaging it on the international stage.
30 August 1940
Second Vienna Award
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30 August 1940
Under the Second Vienna Award, Hungary regained 43,492 km2 of Hungarian-majority territory from Romania (Northern Transylvania). In Southern Transylvania, a further 400,000 Hungarians remained under Romanian rule.
autumn, 1944
The Romanian paramilitary organization called Maniu Guard committed a series of murders and robberies among the Hungarian population of Transylvania under the guise of partisan actions. In September and October, they murdered 200 innocent civilians. The members of the Maniu Guard and the Romanian gendarmes interned thousands of Hungarians in death camps. From Maros-Torda County alone, 4000 Hungarians, including 450 children, were deported to Barcaföldvár (near Brassó) and other camps (e.g. Tagru Jiu) only from Maros-Torda County. Most of them perished there as a result of cruel treatment. The Barcaföldvár internment camp was shut down on 29 October 1945, at which time only 90 people were still alive.
November 12, 1944
Soviet General Vinogradov banned the Romanian authorities from Northern Transylvania because of the genocide committed by the Maniu Guard. The Romanian authorities were allowed to return after the formation of the Petru Groza government on 6 March 1945.
1947
Paris Dictate
Little more...
1947
The Paris Dictate, in accordance with Soviet interests, did not recognise the just territorial revisions made by the two Vienna decisions and handed the reclaimed Hungarian-majority territories back to Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia, where the Hungarians were subjected to severe atrocities, expulsions and deprivation of rights. It also seceded three more villages south of Pozsony from Hungary to Czechoslovakia.
September 21, 1952
Soviet pressure led to the creation of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which included most of Székelyland and was based in Marosvásárhely.
1952-1960
The town was part of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which was later abolished by the Romanians.
1960
The Hungarian Autonomous Province was mutilated by detaching Háromszék and renamed Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province.
form 1960
The town was attached to the province of Brassó.
1968
The Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province was completely abolished. 800,000 Romanians were settled in Transylvania from Moldavia, but many also came from Wallachia. The aim was to Romanianize the still majorly Hungarian towns and to break up the ethnic Hungarian blocks.
1968
The town became the seat of Kovászna County, which covers more or less the territory of the former Háromszék.
1980s
The Székely county centres were classified as closed towns where only Romanians were allowed to settle.
Sights
All
Churches, religious buildings
Public buildings
Cultural facilities
Commerce, industry, hospitality
Private buildings
Memorials
Museums and Galleries
Churches, religious buildings
Calvinist Castle Church
Sf. Gheorghe - Cetatea și biserica reformată
NeaAlecu, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Calvinist
Visit
Calvinist Castle Church
History

The church of Sepsiszentgyörgy was first mentioned in 1332, when its priest was Mihály.

The late Gothic church was built around the 15th-16th centuries. It was built in three phases: first the polygonal sanctuary with its net vault, then the nave, and finally the external buttresses. The church was once surrounded by a high double fortified wall, the inner high wall being surrounded by a lower outer wall. A tower rose on one of the two bastions of the walls.

In 1547, Daczó Pál had it rebuilt at his own expense into a one-nave hall church with a net vault.

In 1658 it was devastated by Tatars. In 1728 and 1738 it was hit by earthquakes. The medieval church tower, demolished in 1738, was replaced by a taller tower in 1761. In 1786, the outer wall of the fortification, damaged by the Turkish and Tatar invasions of 1658 and 1661, was demolished.

The nave of the church, which collapsed in the 1802 earthquake, was replaced in 1805 with a flat, plastered ceiling, and in 1829 the bell tower was built (on the site of the former gate tower, which had also collapsed). The fortification's inner wall was also damaged in the earthquake of 1802. In 1894, a new organ loft was built at the east end of the sanctuary. The 1940 earthquake damaged the church and the defensive walls. The walls were restored in the middle of the last century, when the upper part of the north side was rebuilt. The monument church was repaired in 1978 and the defensive walls were rebuilt in 1979-1980.

St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church
Biserica Sfântul Iosif
RO CV Sf Gheorghe 5
Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Roman Catholic
Visit
St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church
History

The church was built in 1835 on the site of a small church built in 1786. It was completely renovated between 1895 and 1902.

Unitarian church
Biserica Unitariană
RO CV Sf Gheorghe 7
Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Unitarian
Visit
Unitarian church
History

The church was built in 1990-91.

St. George Orthodox Church
Biserica Sfântul Gheorghe
RO CV Sf Gheorghe
Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Orthodox
Visit
St. George Orthodox Church
History

Chapel
Originally:
chapel
Currently:
chapel
Church:
Roman Catholic
Note:
In the Roman Catholic cemetery.
Visit
Chapel
History

In 1868 the Bogdán family had a small chapel built in the Roman Catholic cemetery. Here is also the grave of Major Tuzson János, who fought in the Hungarian War of independence in 1848-49.

Public buildings
Former Seat of the Székely Seats, Conty Hall, Bod Péter County Library
Bod Péter Megyei Könyvtár, Biblioteca Județeană Covasna
RO CV Sf Gheorghe library
Nicu farcas at ro.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
county hall
Currently:
library
Visit
Former Seat of the Székely Seats, Conty Hall, Bod Péter County Library
History

The former headquarters of the Székely seat of Háromszék (traditional administrative unit) and later Háromszék County was built in 1832.

Town Hall
Primăria
RO CV Sf Gheorghe city hall
Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
town hall
Currently:
town hall
Visit
Town Hall
History

The town hall was built in 1854-56.

Arcade House, Former Headquarters of the Hussar Regiment
Casa cu arcade (Lábasház)
Stancosty, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
military headquarters / administration, court
Currently:
n/a
Visit
Arcade House, Former Headquarters of the Hussar Regiment
History

The house was built between 1818-22. It was the headquarters of the Hussars regiment. After the 1848-49 Hungarian War of Independence, the district court moved into the building when the border guard was disbanded. It also served as a death row. Later, the building became the property of the Székely Tanalap (Educational Fund), and for decades it was the seat of the district of Sepsi and its court. Before the First World War, the building was in danger of being demolished, but the outbreak of the war saved it. From the 1950s, the treasures of the State Archives were kept here.

Former Ferenc József Hospital
dr. Fogolyán Kristóf Megyei Kórház, Spitalul Județean dr. Fogolyán Kristóf
Originally:
hospital / clinic / sanatorium / doctor's office
Currently:
hospital / clinic / sanatorium / doctor's office
Visit
Former Ferenc József Hospital
History

In 1853, the first hospital in Háromszék County was opened by the community. In 1914, Kós Károly planned five buildings for the hospital, but this wasn't fully implemented.

Cultural facilities
Székely Mikó High School
Székely Mikó Kollégium, Liceul Teoretic Székely Mikó
Miko kollegium
Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
school
Currently:
school
Church:
Calvinist
Visit
Székely Mikó High School
History

In 1858, with the support of Count Mikó Imre, a Reformed (Calvinist) secondary school was opened in Sepsiszentgyörgy. Initially it was located next to the Reformed Church. In 1863, it moved to its present site, where the classrooms were first set up in small houses and stables. The present neoclassical school building was built between 1870 and 1876 according to the plans of Zofalh Gusztáv. The plans were paid for by Mikó Imre, the building materials were provided by Székely villages in Háromszék, and the land was provided free of charge by the town. Mikó Imre died in 1876. At that time the school decided to take the names of its three founders (the Reformed Church, the Székely people of Háromszék and Count Mikó Imre), and became the Reformed Székely Mikó School then College.

The southern wing of the college, on Mikó Street, was built in 1892 according to the plans of Alpár Ignác.

The building was severely damaged in an earthquake in 1940, and due to the war, education in the building only resumed in December 1944. In 1948 the school was nationalised and the Romanian language of instruction was introduced. The school was given back its old name after 1989, but the Romanian state tried to sabotage the church's efforts to reclaim the institution in every possible way.

Tamási Áron Theatre
Tamási Áron Színház, Teatrul Tamási Áron
Tamási Áron Színház
Grósznyó, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
theatre/opera
Currently:
theatre/opera
Visit
Tamási Áron Theatre
History

The theatre was built in 1868.

Székely National Museum
Székely Nemzeti Múzeum, Muzeul Național Secuiesc
Sfantu Gheorghe Muzeul (3)
Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
Visit
Székely National Museum
History

The present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of Kós Károly. It is currently maintained by Kovászna County. The Székely National Museum Foundation, re-registered at the end of 1992, provides ongoing support to the museum (research funding, collection development, infrastructure, publication funding).

The idea of founding a Székely museum was first raised by Fekete Sámuel in 1868. The museum was founded in 1875 by Zathureczky Emilia, widow of Cserey János, in Imecsfalva. Her co-founder was the first museum keeper, Vasady Nagy Gyula, who published his programme speech as the first text publication of the museum in 1877. In the same year, their most valuable artefact was added to the collection, the Apor Codex, which contains, among other things, the Book of Psalms from the so-called Hussite Bible (the oldest surviving Hungarian Bible translation), and the later destroyed Csereyné Codex (the oldest Hungarian hymnal).

By 1879, the founders managed to have the private collection officially taken over by the representatives of the Székely community, so that it formally became the common property of the Székely community. At that time the collection, which had grown to more than 9000 items, was transferred to Sepsiszentgyörgy. The Székely Mikó College housed the institution until the present main building was completed.

According to its statutes of 1882, its collection is the inalienable property of the Székely people.

The institution became a modern museum under the museum keeper Nagy Géza (1881-89). Among other things, professional archaeological excavations in Székelyland, the excavation of Transylvanian medieval wall paintings, and the archival research in Sepsiszentgyörgy were started. The first significant publication of the Székely National Museum (Nagy Géza: Data on the origins and former habitation of the Székelys, Sepsiszentgyörgy, 1886) was published in this period.

From 1889 until 1949, the museum keepers were selected from among the teachers of the Székely Mikó College.

The present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of Kós Károly. The First World War halted the construction and in 1917 it was requisitioned for a military hospital. From 1921, work could continue with interior painting and furnishing.

To escape the Romanian invasion between 28 August and 24 October 1916, the museum's material was taken to the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest, only to be returned in October 1922.

Between 1930 and 1937, the oldest Hungarian open-air ethnographic museum was established (the one in Balassagyarmat was established at the same time).

In 1943 Kós Károly drew up plans for the extension of the building.

The most valuable part of the rich collections was evacuated to Western Hungary to escape the Second World War, but on 29 March 1945 it suffered a heavy loss: 52 chests of museum material were destroyed by a bomb hit at the Zalaegerszeg railway station.

In 1949 the museum was nationalised, and in 1952 the use of its name was banned, at which time it was still the largest rural Hungarian museum in the Carpathian Basin. In the meantime, it was deprived of part of its collection: some 350 000 items of archival material were removed in several stages up to 1964, establishing another important collection, the State Archives in Sepsiszentgyörgy.

In 1979-81, the extension of the building, planned for decades, was completed with the adaptation of Kós Károly' plans by Gagyi Ferenc.

After the fall of communism at the end of 1989, the Székely National Museum retook its former name.

In addition to its rich natural history, archaeological, historical, ethnographic and fine arts collections, the Székely National Museum also has a library with significant 18th-19th century Hungarian printed material and manuscripts.

Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Girl's School, Magma Contemporary Art Gallery
Magma Kortárs Művészeti Kiállítótér, Spațiul Expozițional de Artă Contemporană MAGMA
RO CV Sf Gheorghe art gallery
Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
school
Currently:
gallery
Visit
Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Girl's School, Magma Contemporary Art Gallery
History

Former Székely Mikó Girl's Grammar School, Kós Károly Vocational School
Kós Károly Szakképző Líceum, Liceul Tehnologic Kós Károly
Originally:
school
Currently:
school
Visit
Former Székely Mikó Girl's Grammar School, Kós Károly Vocational School
History

Designed by Kós Károly in 1926. Currently Kós Károly School.

Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Boy's School, Mikes Kelemen High School
Mikes Kelemen Elméleti Líceum, Liceul Teoretic Mikes Kelemen
Originally:
school
Currently:
school
Visit
Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Boy's School, Mikes Kelemen High School
History

In 1874, a decision was taken to establish a two-year upper girls' school above the elementary school for girls. After obtaining approval, the school board elected Málik József as the headmaster of the new school.

In 1877 it was transformed into a four-class civil girls' school, then in the last years of the 19th century the school was taken over by the state and operated under the name of the Hungarian Royal State Civil Girls' School until the end of World War I.

In the period following the Romanian occupation, the girls' school, which was threatened with liquidation, was reorganised as a denominational school and continued to operate within the walls of the Reformed Székely Mikó College. In 1927, the building of the girls' school, which was designed by Kós Károly and built from public donations, was completed, and in 1935 the dormitory was finished (it is not currently in this building).

In 1948, the school was nationalised.On 18 January 1990, it was renamed Mikes Kelemen Elementary Lyceum, and from the 1990-1991 school year it became a Hungarian-language secondary school again.

Former Pioneer House, Calvinist School, Palace of Children and Students
Gyermekek és Tanulók Palotája, Palatul Copiilor și Elevilor
Originally:
school
Currently:
leisure centre
Church:
Calvinist
Visit
Former Pioneer House, Calvinist School, Palace of Children and Students
History

It was built in 1929-30 according to the plans of Kós Károly. It is now the Students' House.

Former Hungarian Royal State Teacher Training Institution
Colegiul Naţional Mihai Viteazul
Originally:
university / college
Currently:
school
Visit
Former Hungarian Royal State Teacher Training Institution
History

On 4 December 1910, the new building of the Teachers' Training Institute, founded in 1900, was inaugurated. After the Romanian occupation in 1919, the building was taken away and the institute was closed in 1923.

Former Boy's Orphanage
Originally:
orphanage / children's shelter
Currently:
hospital / clinic / sanatorium / doctor's office
Visit
Former Boy's Orphanage
History

Commerce, industry, hospitality
Former Hungária Hotel
Oficiul Poștal 1
RO CV Sf Gheorghe Hungaria hotel 2
Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
hotel / tavern / guesthouse
Currently:
post office
Visit
Former Hungária Hotel
History

Former Hungarian Royal Tobacco Factory
RO CV Fabrica de tigarete Sfantu Gheorghe (1)
Țetcu Mircea Rareș, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
factory
Currently:
n/a
Visit
Former Hungarian Royal Tobacco Factory
History

Private buildings
Beör Palace
Originally:
palace
Currently:
seat of an institution
Visit
Beör Palace
History

The Beör Palace was built around 1890 in neoclassical style as the residence of the noble Beör family of Transylvania. The Beörs owned the palace until the Romanian nationalisation. Since 2009, it has been the county headquarters of the RMDSZ (a Hungarian political party in Romania). The Memorial House of the Victims of the Communist Dictatorship was opened in the basement of the building on 23 April 2014.

Serestéj House
Originally:
mansion / manor house
Currently:
mansion / manor house
Visit
Serestéj House
History

In the old settlement of Szemerja lies a folk baroque mansion, largely preserved in its original form. It was built by Serestej József and Móritz Sára in 1794.

National Museum of the Eastern Carpathians
Muzeul Național al Carpaților Răsăriteni
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
Visit
National Museum of the Eastern Carpathians
History

In 1995, the Transylvanian National History Museum established an archaeological department in Sepsiszentgyörgy, which became an independent museum in 1999, taking the name Museum of the Eastern Carpathians and operating under the Ministry of Culture. In 2003, a government decree gave the institution its own building at 16 Gábor Áron Street in Sepsiszentgyörgy. Its declared focus is on the promotion of Romanian cultural heritage.

Csulak House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
Visit
Csulak House
History

Kós Károly designed the villa in Béke (Peace) Street in 1924.

Museum guard houses
Sfantu Gheorghe Muzeul (5)
Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
Visit
Museum guard houses
History

Designed by Kós Károly in 1913.

Keresztes House
Kos szentgyorgy
Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
Visit
Keresztes House
History

The house was designed by Kós Károly for the Keresztes brothers in 1913.

Fogolyán House
Fogolyan
Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
house
Currently:
public administration
Visit
Fogolyán House
History

The Fogolyán family, of Hungarian-Armenian origin, came from Marosludas to Sepsiszentgyörgy. The family's history in Háromszék County begins with Fogolyán Kristóf, whose son Kristóf, one of eight children, became a wholesaler in the town and married Fejér Mária-Rozália, the daughter of Fejér Lukács, the founder of the Rudolf Hospital in Kézdivásárhely. One of their sons, Dr. Fogolyán Kristóf (1878-1954), was a doctor from Sepsiszentgyörgy, known as the White Angel, who was considered the leading medical doctor in the Székely town for four decades. Dr. Fogolyán Kristóf also built a sanatorium in the town.

Memorials
Memorial with Lions, Memorial to the Hungarian War of Independence in 1948/49
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Memorial with Lions, Memorial to the Hungarian War of Independence in 1948/49
History

The monument was inaugurated in 1874, on the 25th anniversary of the 1848/49 Hungarian War of Independence, and erected in the main square of Sepsiszentgyörgy in memory of the heroes who died in the war. On the main side of the obelisk, which stood in the middle, was a plaque of the Hungarian crowned coat of arms. On either side of the obelisk, a lion statue carved in Carrara marble was placed.

In the years after Trianon, the obelisk was knocked down and the coat of arms was broken off by the Romanian invaders. The obelisk was moved to the courtyard of the Székely National Museum, but the pedestal with the lions remained in place. In 1932, the lions were rolled off the site, but they were still put back on by order of the authorities. In 1934, at the request of the local prefect, the lions were moved to the museum and the pedestal was removed.

In September 1940, following the Second Vienna Award, the monument was quickly restored and the missing parts were replaced. However, in September 1944, the obelisk was knocked down and the lions mutilated by the members of the invading Romanian Maniu Guard. The lions were returned to the museum in its garden, in a relatively secluded place. After 1947, the obelisk was restored, but the Hungarian coat of arms was removed and replaced by a marble plaque with the dates '1848-1849', and the obelisk was simply inscribed 'In memory of the War of Independence' at the bottom. In 1958, some students of the Mikó College laid a wreath at the monument, for which the Romanian authorities sentenced them to long years in prison.

In March 2018, the obelisk was renovated, the Hungarian crowned coat of arms and the original inscriptions written by the writer Jókai Mór were restored to the front.

Bust of Gábor Áron
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Gábor Áron
History

Artillery officer Major Gábor Áron (1814-1849) was the hero of the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence. His bust was unveiled on 22 September 1973. It is the work of Gergely István.

Bust of Kós Károly
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Kós Károly
History

The architect's statue was erected on 22 May 2009, and it is the work of Vargha Mihály. On the western side of the main square of the town, the Székely Mikó Girls' High School was built in 1927 (on the hill opposite the main building), designed by Kós Károly. Kós Károly designed several buildings for the town, many of which were completed (e.g. the Székely National Museum complex).

Statue of St. George the Dragon Slayer
Szent György-szobor, Statuia Sfântul Gheorghe
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of St. George the Dragon Slayer
History

The replica of the statue of St George the Dragonslayer made by the Kolozsvári brothers in the Middle Ages was erected on 5 May 2012.

Turul Memorial
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Turul Memorial
History

The sculpture by Sárpátki Zoltán, a young sculptor from Csíkszereda was inaugurated on 10 March 2014.

Statue of Count Mikó Imre
MikoImreSztgyorgy2
Bocskai Vince; photo: Grósznyó, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of Count Mikó Imre
History

Count Mikó Imre looks at the building of the Székely Mikó College, which he founded in 1859. Mikó Imre (1805-1876) was born in Zabola, in Háromszék County. He was Governor of Transylvania twice and then Minister of Public Works and Transport of Hungary between 1867 and 1870. He also founded the Transylvanian Museum Association in 1859, based in Kolozsvár. His statue was erected on 14 November 1998, the work of Bocskai Vince.

Statue of Bishop Márton Áron of Transylvania
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of Bishop Márton Áron of Transylvania
History

The statue of Catholic Bishop Márton Áron was inaugurated on 27 October 2012, the work of Vargha Mihály.

Statue of Gyárfás Jenő
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of Gyárfás Jenő
History

The painter Gyárfás Jenő (1857-1925) is the eponym of the Gallery of Fine Arts of the Székely National Museum. He is also known as the Munkácsy of the Székelys. His statue was erected on 3 October 2010. It is the work of Vargha Mihály.

Bust of Kossuth Lajos
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Kossuth Lajos
History

Kossuth Lajos was the political leader of the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence. The bust was erected on 22 November 2002 in front of the Kónya Ádám Culture Hous. It is the work of Vargha Mihály.

Bust of Arany János
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Arany János
History

The bust of the Hungarian poet was inaugurated on 17 August 2007. It is the work of Vargha Mihály. The Arany ballad 'Tetemrehívás' was painted by Gyárfás Jenő, and the painting can be seen in the Gyárfás Jenő Gallery.

Bust of St. Stephen of Hungary
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of St. Stephen of Hungary
History

The bust of King Saint Stephen I of Hungary was inaugurated on 20 August 2004. It is the work of Vargha Mihály.

Bust of Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
II. Rákóczi Sepsiszentgyörgy
own photo; sculptor: Mihály Vargha, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
History

The bust of the leader of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1703-1711 was inaugurated on 10 July 2004, the work of Vargha Mihály.

Statue of Csutak Vilmos
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of Csutak Vilmos
History

Csutak Vilmos was born on 4 November 1874 in Zágon, the birth place of Mikes Kelemen. He graduated from the University of Kolozsvár with a degree in history and Latin. From 1903 he was a teacher at the Székely Mikó College in Sepsiszentgyörgy, and from 1916 he was its director. At the same time he became the director of the Székely National Museum, a post he held until his death. He wrote mainly local history studies based on his research. His writings on the history of Háromszék County and the Székely Mikó College appeared in the local press. His statue was erected on 19 November 2011 and was made by Petrovics István.

Bust of Benedek Elek
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Benedek Elek
History

The bust of the great Székely storyteller was unveiled on the day of the Hungarian folk tale (Benedek Elek's birthday) on the small square in front of the kindergarten named after hím. It was erected on 30 September 2015, and it is the work of Varga Gábor.

Bust of Mikes Kelemen
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Mikes Kelemen
History

The bust stands in a small park in front of the secondary school named after Mikes Kelemen. The institution took the name of the Hungarian writer Mikes Kelemen, who was forced into exile after the fall of the 1703-1711 Hungarian War of Independence, in 1990. It was erected on 23 May 1993, and was made by Vetró András.

Bust of Plugor Sándor
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Plugor Sándor
History

In October 2006, the bust of the graphic artist and painter was unveiled in front of the old building of the Plugor Sándor Art Lyceum in Sepsiszentgyörgy (built in 1906).It was erected on 28 October 2006, and was made by Jecza Péter.

Bust of Dózsa György
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Bust of Dózsa György
History

The bust of the leader of the peasant uprising in 1514 was erected on 1 May 1954 for propaganda purposes.

Statue of John Calvin
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of John Calvin
History

The statue was erected on 10 July 2014 in the old market square of Sepsiszentgyörgy on the occasion of the VII Hungarian Reformed World Meeting. It is the work of Bocskai Vince.

Statue of Dávid Ferenc
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Visit
Statue of Dávid Ferenc
History

On 21 September 2019, a full-length statue of the founder of the Unitarian Church, Dávid Ferenc (1520 c.-1579), was erected. It is the work of Harmath István.

Statue of St. Gerard of Csanád and St. Imre of Hungary
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Note:
In the garden in front of the St. Gerard Catholic church.
Visit
Statue of St. Gerard of Csanád and St. Imre of Hungary
History

The modern Catholic church on Csíki Street in Sepsiszentgyörgy was consecrated in September 1988, in honour of the martyred bishop Saint Gellért. Varga Gábor's burnt ceramic composition was consecrated on 24 September 2011.

Museums and Galleries
Székely National Museum
Székely Nemzeti Múzeum, Muzeul Național Secuiesc
Sfantu Gheorghe Muzeul (3)
Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
Visit
Székely National Museum
History

The present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of Kós Károly. It is currently maintained by Kovászna County. The Székely National Museum Foundation, re-registered at the end of 1992, provides ongoing support to the museum (research funding, collection development, infrastructure, publication funding).

The idea of founding a Székely museum was first raised by Fekete Sámuel in 1868. The museum was founded in 1875 by Zathureczky Emilia, widow of Cserey János, in Imecsfalva. Her co-founder was the first museum keeper, Vasady Nagy Gyula, who published his programme speech as the first text publication of the museum in 1877. In the same year, their most valuable artefact was added to the collection, the Apor Codex, which contains, among other things, the Book of Psalms from the so-called Hussite Bible (the oldest surviving Hungarian Bible translation), and the later destroyed Csereyné Codex (the oldest Hungarian hymnal).

By 1879, the founders managed to have the private collection officially taken over by the representatives of the Székely community, so that it formally became the common property of the Székely community. At that time the collection, which had grown to more than 9000 items, was transferred to Sepsiszentgyörgy. The Székely Mikó College housed the institution until the present main building was completed.

According to its statutes of 1882, its collection is the inalienable property of the Székely people.

The institution became a modern museum under the museum keeper Nagy Géza (1881-89). Among other things, professional archaeological excavations in Székelyland, the excavation of Transylvanian medieval wall paintings, and the archival research in Sepsiszentgyörgy were started. The first significant publication of the Székely National Museum (Nagy Géza: Data on the origins and former habitation of the Székelys, Sepsiszentgyörgy, 1886) was published in this period.

From 1889 until 1949, the museum keepers were selected from among the teachers of the Székely Mikó College.

The present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of Kós Károly. The First World War halted the construction and in 1917 it was requisitioned for a military hospital. From 1921, work could continue with interior painting and furnishing.

To escape the Romanian invasion between 28 August and 24 October 1916, the museum's material was taken to the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest, only to be returned in October 1922.

Between 1930 and 1937, the oldest Hungarian open-air ethnographic museum was established (the one in Balassagyarmat was established at the same time).

In 1943 Kós Károly drew up plans for the extension of the building.

The most valuable part of the rich collections was evacuated to Western Hungary to escape the Second World War, but on 29 March 1945 it suffered a heavy loss: 52 chests of museum material were destroyed by a bomb hit at the Zalaegerszeg railway station.

In 1949 the museum was nationalised, and in 1952 the use of its name was banned, at which time it was still the largest rural Hungarian museum in the Carpathian Basin. In the meantime, it was deprived of part of its collection: some 350 000 items of archival material were removed in several stages up to 1964, establishing another important collection, the State Archives in Sepsiszentgyörgy.

In 1979-81, the extension of the building, planned for decades, was completed with the adaptation of Kós Károly' plans by Gagyi Ferenc.

After the fall of communism at the end of 1989, the Székely National Museum retook its former name.

In addition to its rich natural history, archaeological, historical, ethnographic and fine arts collections, the Székely National Museum also has a library with significant 18th-19th century Hungarian printed material and manuscripts.

National Museum of the Eastern Carpathians
Muzeul Național al Carpaților Răsăriteni
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
Visit
National Museum of the Eastern Carpathians
History

In 1995, the Transylvanian National History Museum established an archaeological department in Sepsiszentgyörgy, which became an independent museum in 1999, taking the name Museum of the Eastern Carpathians and operating under the Ministry of Culture. In 2003, a government decree gave the institution its own building at 16 Gábor Áron Street in Sepsiszentgyörgy. Its declared focus is on the promotion of Romanian cultural heritage.

Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Girl's School, Magma Contemporary Art Gallery
Magma Kortárs Művészeti Kiállítótér, Spațiul Expozițional de Artă Contemporană MAGMA
RO CV Sf Gheorghe art gallery
Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
school
Currently:
gallery
Visit
Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Girl's School, Magma Contemporary Art Gallery
History

{"item":"town","set":{"mapcenter":{"lat":"45.8645730000","long":"25.7890020000"},"townlink":"sepsiszentgyorgy-sfantu-gheorghe","town":{"townId":79,"active":1,"name_HU":"Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy","name_LO":"Sf\u00e2ntu Gheorghe","name_GE":"Sankt Georgen","name_LT":"","seolink":"sepsiszentgyorgy-sfantu-gheorghe","listorder":9,"oldcounty":44,"country":4,"division":25,"altitude":"520-580","gps_lat":"45.8645730000","gps_long":"25.7890020000","population":54,"hungarian_2011":74.21,"population_1910":8665,"hungarian_1910":96,"german_1910":1.8,"slovak_1910":0,"romanian_1910":1.2,"rusin_1910":0,"serbian_1910":0,"croatian_1910":0,"slovenian_1910":0,"coatofarms":"","coatofarms_ref":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andreea.anghel, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Muzeul_National_Secuiesc_din_Sfantul_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Muzeul National Secuiesc din Sfantul Gheorghe\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/54\/Muzeul_National_Secuiesc_din_Sfantul_Gheorghe.jpg\/512px-Muzeul_National_Secuiesc_din_Sfantul_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Muzeul_National_Secuiesc_din_Sfantul_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003EAndreea.anghel\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","georegion":"H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k","river":"Olt","description":"In the 12th century, Sepsisz\u00e9k and its centre Szentgy\u00f6rgy was founded by Sz\u00e9kelys that were moved from the area of today's Sz\u00e1szsebes. The name of the Sz\u00e9kely seat, Sepsi, is derived from the name of the former settlement of its inhabitants. The Sz\u00e9kelys had equal rights with the nobles, owned their own land, paid mostly no taxes, but in return they were obliged to go to war one by one to defend Hungary from foreign invasions. From the middle of the 15th century, Szentgy\u00f6rgy was called a town. In 1562, three Sz\u00e9kely seats (Sepsisz\u00e9k, Orbaisz\u00e9k and K\u00e9zdisz\u00e9k) were united under the name of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k (Three seats), and its centre became Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. In 1764 it became the station of a Hussar border guard regiment. In 1848, thanks to G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron, the people of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k declared to join the Hungarian War of Independence in the ceremonial hall of the headquarters of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k. G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron and his companions cast cannons from bells in the foundries of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k for the War of Independence. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, with the support of Count Mik\u00f3 Imre, the new building of the Reformed College was constructed, which later took the name of the Reformed Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College. The Sz\u00e9kely National Museum, designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly, was opened in the town. The famous architect enriched the town's image with several buildings. In 1876, when the public administration was modernised, the Sz\u00e9kely seats were abolished and the town became the seat of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County. From 1952 to 1960, it was part of the Hungarian autonomous region, created under Soviet pressure, which was gradually abolished by the Romanians. In 1968 it became the seat of Kov\u00e1szna County. It is still a Hungarian majority town.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@10th century|There was a settlement on the site of the fortified church according to archaeological finds.@#3|@12th century|The Sz\u00e9kelys moved to this area from the territory of present day Sz\u00e1szsebes. The Sepsi (originally sebesi) name refers to where they came from. The King of Hungary settled Saxons in their place, who established the town of Sz\u00e1szsebes. Sebes is the name of its river and it means swift in Hungarian. The Sz\u00e9kelys were organized into special administrative units called seats (sz\u00e9k). They elected their leaders themselves, had equal rights with the nobles, owned their lands and were mostly exempt from taxation. In exchange for all these privileges, they were obliged to enlist as soldiers in the event of an external attack on Hungary.@#5|@1252|According to a document, the area was inhabited by Hungarians. Probably Bulgarian-Slavic population lived in the neighbourhood before them based on the place names.@#6|@1332|The settlement was mentioned for the first time as Sancto Georgio.@1427|King Sigismund of Hungary stayed in Szentgy\u00f6rgy. He took part in delivering justice at the seat gathering on 12 May, therefore the settlement was probably the centre of the Sz\u00e9kely seat. The royal diplomas issued here called the settlement Zenthgywrgy and Zentgeurg, but it wasn\u2019t called town.@1437|The three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Sz\u00e9kelys and the Saxons) formed an alliance in K\u00e1polna (Union of K\u00e1polna). This union gained its true significance after 1570, when Transylvania became an independent principality due to the Turkish conquest of central Hungary. These three nations were represented in the Transylvanian Diet, and they elected the prince. Vlach migrants (mostly shepherds and peasants) were a small minority at the time and were excluded from the political power just like Hungarian peasants.@January 9, 1448|Hunyadi J\u00e1nos delivered justice at the gathering of the Seat of Sepsi (Sepsisz\u00e9k).@#7|@1459|Sepsi Seat was called the Seat of Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy.@October 22, 1461|The settlement was called oppidum for the first time. Oppidums paid tax, but went to war only when the country was threatened by great danger.@1492|Vajda B\u00e1thory Istv\u00e1n of Transylvania granted the settlement the title of privileged town.@1520|King Louis II of Hungary extended the town\u2019s right to hold fairs, which the town had gained much earlier.@#8|@#9|@1547|Dacz\u00f3 P\u00e1l fortified the present day Calvinist church built in the 14-15th centuries. Its precursor was a parish church dedicated to Szt. George. The walls of the inner castle were also built at that time.@1562|Three Sz\u00e9kely seats (Sepsi, Orbai and K\u00e9zdi) were united as H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k (Three Seats).@#10|@#12|@17th century|The outer walls and defences were probably built at that time. They were demolished at the beginning of the 20th century.@#13|@#14|@#15|@#16|@#17|@#18|@1657|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II of Transylvania launched a campaign for the crown of Poland in alliance with Carl X Gustaf of Sweden. His aim was to unite the Hungarian-Polish-Wallachian forces against the Turks. The campaign started successfully with the prince taking Krak\u00f3w and Warsawa, but then the King of Sweden abandoned him. The vengeful Poles invaded northern Transylvania, burning defenceless villages, destroying churches and castles. Soon the punitive campaign of Turkish and Tatar armies devastated Transylvania, as the prince launched his Polish campaign against the Sultan's will.@1658|Tatars plundered Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. The Tartars ravaged and plundered throughout Transylvania and Grand Vizier K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmed captured Jen\u0151 Castle. The Estates of Transylvania sent Barcsay \u00c1kos to the camp of the grand vizier to beg for mercy. In return, the Grand Vizier demanded that the annual tax be raised from 15 to 40 thousand forints (gold coins) and that Lugos and Karansebes be ceded. This was the price for the Turks to leave Transylvania. The grand vizier appointed Barcsay prince on 14 September.@1659|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II returned to Transylvania and forced Barcsay \u00c1kos to retreat to Szeben and besieged him.@May 22, 1660|In the battle of S\u00e1szfenes, Pasha Shejdi Ahmed of Buda defeated R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II, who lost his life. The Tatar armies invaded Transylvania for the second time.@1660|Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos, the former commander of Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II, besieged Fogaras Castle defended by Barcsay Andr\u00e1s, the brother of Prince Barcsay \u00c1kos. He surrendered the castle by order of the prince. Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos hanged him on 16 May for trying to negotiate with the Turks.@November 1660|Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos defeated the army of G\u00e1sp\u00e1r, the brother of Prince Barcsay Andr\u00e1s, at \u00d6rm\u00e9nyes. Barcsay G\u00e1sp\u00e1r fell in the battle. Then, on 31 December, Barcsay \u00c1kos renounced the throne. In 1661 Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos had Barcsay \u00c1kos captured and murdered.@1661|The army of Pasha Seydi Ahmed of Buda marched into Transylvania, after the country assembly held in Beszterce on 23 April declared the independence of Transylvania from the Ottoman Empire and placed the country under the protection of Emperor Leopold I. On 14 September, Pasha Ali forced the country assembly to elect Apafi Mih\u00e1ly Prince of Transylvania in Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely.@1661|The Turks occupied the town. Its population had been severely depleted in the wars of the past few years.@January 23, 1662|The deposed prince Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos, having been abandoned by his imperial allies, was defeated by the Turks at Nagysz\u0151l\u0151s (near Segesv\u00e1r), where he fell.@#23|@#25|@#26|@#27|@1717-18|A great drought and plague struck the town.@1728, 1738|An earthquake shook the town causing large destruction. The tower of the church collapsed. It was rebuilt in 1761.@1763|Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the border guard. She set up three Sz\u00e9kely and two Vlach border regiments. They started the forced conscription of the Sz\u00e9kelys, who resisted in defence of their traditions and privileges. The imperial army led by Baron Siskovics J\u00f3zsef attacked M\u00e1d\u00e9falva, where the Sz\u00e9kely leaders had gathered, and massacred 200 Sz\u00e9kelys, including women and children, with savage cannon fire on 7 January 1764. This event is known in history as the 'Madefalva Massacre' or 'Madefalva Calamity'.@1764|The town became the duty station of the Hussar border regiment. This laid a burden on the population, but the establishment of the relating institutions started the urbanization of the settlement.@1802|An earthquake shook the town, which damaged the church as well. The bell tower collapsed again. The tower that can be seen today was built in 1829.@#28|@November 16, 1848|In the assembly hall of the house of the seat, the beginning of the self-defence fight of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k was declared thanks to the brave and determined action of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron. G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron and his companions cast cannons from bells for the Hungarian War of Independence in the foundries of H\u00e1rmsz\u00e9k.@July 5, 1849|The small troop of G\u00e1l S\u00e1ndor fought for life and death outside Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy outnumbered by the Russian invasion forces. Their are buried under the mound next to the road leading to Gid\u00f3falva.@after 1849|During the bloody retaliation, the Russian and Austrian soldiers used the thick tomes of the local archives as cobblestones on the muddy streets of the town. The entire archives of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k was destroyed and much of the town archives as well. The town was forced to pay tribute and the leaders were executed.@April 29, 1854|According to the tradition, the Sz\u00e9kely martyrs Bartalis Ferenc and V\u00e1radi J\u00f3zsef were executed at the foot of the \u0150rk\u0151 (Guardstone) Hill on the west side of the town. They participated in the Makk Conspiracy, which wanted to restart the Hungarian War of Independence against the Habsburg Empire. There is a memorial on the site of the execution.@second half of the 19th century|The third permanent theatre of Transylvania was established in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy after Kolozsv\u00e1r and D\u00e9s.@1858|A grammar school was established.@#30|@1870-76|The main building of the grammar school was constructed. The plans were made by Zohalf Guszt\u00e1v and financed by Count Mik\u00f3 Imre, who supported the school with an additional 60,000 forints. The generous supporter died the same year, therefore they decided to include his name in the name of the school, just like the name of the founding Reformed (Calvinist) church and the Sz\u00e9kely nation. The school got the name Reform\u00e1tus Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Tanoda, and later it was renamed to Reform\u00e1tus Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Koll\u00e9gium (high school).@1875|Zathureczky Em\u00edlia, the widow of Cserey J\u00e1nos, founded the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum in Imecsfalva, which was taken over by the Sz\u00e9kely community in 1879, when it was moved to Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy.@1876|Public administration was modernized and medieval structures were abolished in Hungary. The autonomy of the Sz\u00e9kelys was abolished and their traditional administrative units, the seats, were incorporated into the county system.@1879|A zobacco factory was established. Soon a textile factory was also established.@1891-1897|The railway line between Brass\u00f3 and K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely and the one leading to Cs\u00edkszereda were constructed.@1905|The bridge over the Olt River was constructed.@1908|Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy was the first town in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, where electric power was introduced.@1911-1912|The building of the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum was constructed according to the plans of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly.@#31|@1916|On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. The Romanians invaded most of Sz\u00e9kelyland. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).@1918|On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compi\u00e8gne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.@#32|@December, 1918|In Kolozsv\u00e1r, on the initiative of retired Lieutenant General Luk\u00e1cs B\u00e9la, the Sz\u00e9kely Division was created to defend against the Romanian troops invading Transylvania. It was the only well-equipped, combat-ready Hungarian military force to fight against the Romanian conquerors. At its peak it numbered about 12,000. In Hungary, the political power was usurped by the pro-Entente left-wing government of K\u00e1rolyi Mih\u00e1ly, which let down the Sz\u00e9kely Division and disbanded the Hungarian military. The communists, to whom K\u00e1rolyi Mih\u00e1ly conceded the power, were also hostile towards the Sz\u00e9kely Division. Later most of its soldiers took part in the North Campaign that temporarily liberated a significant part of northern Hungary from the Czech invaders.@from 1918|By 1922, 197,000 Hungarians were forced to leave the Romanian-occupied part of the country. By 1939 a further 169,000 Hungarians had left Transylvania, mostly aristocrats, intellectuals and a significant number of farmers. Most of them moved to Hungary. Before the Romanian invasion, 1,662,000 Hungarians lived in Transylvania, 32 percent of the population.@until 1920|The town was the seat of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County.@#36|@#39|@autumn, 1944|The Romanian paramilitary organization called Maniu Guard committed a series of murders and robberies among the Hungarian population of Transylvania under the guise of partisan actions. In September and October, they murdered 200 innocent civilians. The members of the Maniu Guard and the Romanian gendarmes interned thousands of Hungarians in death camps. From Maros-Torda County alone, 4000 Hungarians, including 450 children, were deported to Barcaf\u00f6ldv\u00e1r (near Brass\u00f3) and other camps (e.g. Tagru Jiu) only from Maros-Torda County. Most of them perished there as a result of cruel treatment. The Barcaf\u00f6ldv\u00e1r internment camp was shut down on 29 October 1945, at which time only 90 people were still alive.@November 12, 1944|Soviet General Vinogradov banned the Romanian authorities from Northern Transylvania because of the genocide committed by the Maniu Guard. The Romanian authorities were allowed to return after the formation of the Petru Groza government on 6 March 1945.@#43|@September 21, 1952|Soviet pressure led to the creation of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which included most of Sz\u00e9kelyland and was based in Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely.@1952-1960|The town was part of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which was later abolished by the Romanians.@1960|The Hungarian Autonomous Province was mutilated by detaching H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k and renamed Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province.@form 1960|The town was attached to the province of Brass\u00f3.@1968|The Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province was completely abolished. 800,000 Romanians were settled in Transylvania from Moldavia, but many also came from Wallachia. The aim was to Romanianize the still majorly Hungarian towns and to break up the ethnic Hungarian blocks.@1968|The town became the seat of Kov\u00e1szna County, which covers more or less the territory of the former H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k.@1980s|The Sz\u00e9kely county centres were classified as closed towns where only Romanians were allowed to settle.@2002|7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.&sepsiszentgyorgy.info: Helyt\u00f6rt\u00e9net|https:\/\/www.sepsiszentgyorgy.info\/helytortenet2\/48-sepsiszentgyorgy-a-varossa-valas-koraig\nsepsiszentgyorgyinfo.ro|https:\/\/sepsiszentgyorgyinfo.ro\/varosunk\nszekelymikokollegium.ro: Iskolat\u00f6rt\u00e9net|https:\/\/szekelymikokollegium.ro\/index.php?vm=1\nkonfliktuskutato.hu: Erd\u00e9ly, 1944 \u0151sze: rom\u00e1n atrocit\u00e1sok a magyarok ellen|http:\/\/konfliktuskutato.hu\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=319:erdely-1944-sze-roman-atrocitasok-a-magyarok-ellen&catid=39:dka-hatter&Itemid=203"},"sights":[{"sightId":2065,"townId":79,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Cet\u0103\u021bii 1","mapdata":"1|484|332","gps_lat":"45.8731461924","gps_long":"25.7858705905","religion":2,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"http:\/\/www.sepsivartemplom.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Reformatus-templom-Sepsiszentgyorgy-226","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=255","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022NeaAlecu, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sf._Gheorghe_-_Cetatea_%C8%99i_biserica_reformat%C4%83.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Sf. Gheorghe - Cetatea \u0219i biserica reformat\u0103\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/93\/Sf._Gheorghe_-_Cetatea_%C8%99i_biserica_reformat%C4%83.jpg\/512px-Sf._Gheorghe_-_Cetatea_%C8%99i_biserica_reformat%C4%83.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sf._Gheorghe_-_Cetatea_%C8%99i_biserica_reformat%C4%83.jpg\u0022\u003ENeaAlecu\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Calvinist Castle Church","seolink":"calvinist-castle-church","note":"","history":"The church of Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy was first mentioned in 1332, when its priest was Mih\u00e1ly.@\nThe late Gothic church was built around the 15th-16th centuries. It was built in three phases: first the polygonal sanctuary with its net vault, then the nave, and finally the external buttresses. The church was once surrounded by a high double fortified wall, the inner high wall being surrounded by a lower outer wall. A tower rose on one of the two bastions of the walls.@\nIn 1547, Dacz\u00f3 P\u00e1l had it rebuilt at his own expense into a one-nave hall church with a net vault.@\nIn 1658 it was devastated by Tatars. In 1728 and 1738 it was hit by earthquakes. The medieval church tower, demolished in 1738, was replaced by a taller tower in 1761. In 1786, the outer wall of the fortification, damaged by the Turkish and Tatar invasions of 1658 and 1661, was demolished.@\nThe nave of the church, which collapsed in the 1802 earthquake, was replaced in 1805 with a flat, plastered ceiling, and in 1829 the bell tower was built (on the site of the former gate tower, which had also collapsed). The fortification's inner wall was also damaged in the earthquake of 1802. In 1894, a new organ loft was built at the east end of the sanctuary. The 1940 earthquake damaged the church and the defensive walls. The walls were restored in the middle of the last century, when the upper part of the north side was rebuilt. The monument church was repaired in 1978 and the defensive walls were rebuilt in 1979-1980.\n&\nwikipedia: Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgyi reform\u00e1tus templom|https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgyi_reform%C3%A1tus_templom"},{"sightId":2066,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Sf\u00e2ntul Iosif","address":"Pia\u021ba Libert\u0103\u021bii 1","mapdata":"1|472|1897","gps_lat":"45.8637403869","gps_long":"25.7857984980","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"http:\/\/szentjozsef.katolikussepsi.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_5.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe 5\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/91\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_5.jpg\/256px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_5.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_5.jpg\u0022\u003ENicu farcas\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church","seolink":"st-joseph-roman-catholic-church","note":"","history":"The church was built in 1835 on the site of a small church built in 1786. It was completely renovated between 1895 and 1902."},{"sightId":2067,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"R\u00f3mai katolikus temet\u0151","mapdata":"1|112|1405","gps_lat":"45.8666822459","gps_long":"25.7828137467","religion":1,"oldtype":"2","newtype":"2","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Chapel","seolink":"chapel","note":"In the Roman Catholic cemetery.","history":"In 1868 the Bogd\u00e1n family had a small chapel built in the Roman Catholic cemetery. Here is also the grave of Major Tuzson J\u00e1nos, who fought in the Hungarian War of independence in 1848-49."},{"sightId":2068,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Unitarian\u0103","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly 2","mapdata":"1|491|2029","gps_lat":"45.8629540021","gps_long":"25.7860441322","religion":8,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_7.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe 7\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bc\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_7.jpg\/256px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_7.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_7.jpg\u0022\u003ENicu farcas\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Unitarian church","seolink":"unitarian-church","note":"","history":"The church was built in 1990-91."},{"sightId":2069,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Sf\u00e2ntul Gheorghe","address":"Dealul Attila 44","mapdata":"1|55|928","gps_lat":"45.8695697012","gps_long":"25.7822224352","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"http:\/\/protopopiatul-sfantugheorghe.ro\/parohii\/38-parohia-sfantu-gheorghe-ii","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicu farcas, CC BY 2.5 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/24\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe.jpg\u0022\u003ENicu farcas\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"St. George Orthodox Church","seolink":"st-george-orthodox-church","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2070,"townId":79,"active":2,"name_LO":"Sz\u00e9kely Nemzeti M\u00fazeum, Muzeul Na\u021bional Secuiesc","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly 10","mapdata":"1|392|2229","gps_lat":"45.8617541238","gps_long":"25.7851779874","religion":0,"oldtype":"98","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.sznm.ro\/index.php","openinghours":"https:\/\/www.sznm.ro\/sznm.php?o=adminisztracio","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Szekely-Nemzeti-Muzeum-Sepsiszentgyorgy-646","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=263","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_(3).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Sfantu Gheorghe Muzeul (3)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/57\/Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_%283%29.jpg\/512px-Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_%283%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_(3).jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei kokelburg\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Sz\u00e9kely National Museum","seolink":"szekely-national-museum","note":"","history":"The present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly. It is currently maintained by Kov\u00e1szna County. The Sz\u00e9kely National Museum Foundation, re-registered at the end of 1992, provides ongoing support to the museum (research funding, collection development, infrastructure, publication funding).@\nThe idea of founding a Sz\u00e9kely museum was first raised by Fekete S\u00e1muel in 1868. The museum was founded in 1875 by Zathureczky Emilia, widow of Cserey J\u00e1nos, in Imecsfalva. Her co-founder was the first museum keeper, Vasady Nagy Gyula, who published his programme speech as the first text publication of the museum in 1877. In the same year, their most valuable artefact was added to the collection, the Apor Codex, which contains, among other things, the Book of Psalms from the so-called Hussite Bible (the oldest surviving Hungarian Bible translation), and the later destroyed Csereyn\u00e9 Codex (the oldest Hungarian hymnal).@\nBy 1879, the founders managed to have the private collection officially taken over by the representatives of the Sz\u00e9kely community, so that it formally became the common property of the Sz\u00e9kely community. At that time the collection, which had grown to more than 9000 items, was transferred to Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. The Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College housed the institution until the present main building was completed.@\nAccording to its statutes of 1882, its collection is the inalienable property of the Sz\u00e9kely people.@\nThe institution became a modern museum under the museum keeper Nagy G\u00e9za (1881-89). Among other things, professional archaeological excavations in Sz\u00e9kelyland, the excavation of Transylvanian medieval wall paintings, and the archival research in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy were started. The first significant publication of the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum (Nagy G\u00e9za: Data on the origins and former habitation of the Sz\u00e9kelys, Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy, 1886) was published in this period.@\nFrom 1889 until 1949, the museum keepers were selected from among the teachers of the Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College.@\nThe present museum building was built between 1911-13, based on the plans of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly. The First World War halted the construction and in 1917 it was requisitioned for a military hospital. From 1921, work could continue with interior painting and furnishing.@\nTo escape the Romanian invasion between 28 August and 24 October 1916, the museum's material was taken to the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest, only to be returned in October 1922.@\nBetween 1930 and 1937, the oldest Hungarian open-air ethnographic museum was established (the one in Balassagyarmat was established at the same time).@\nIn 1943 K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly drew up plans for the extension of the building.@\nThe most valuable part of the rich collections was evacuated to Western Hungary to escape the Second World War, but on 29 March 1945 it suffered a heavy loss: 52 chests of museum material were destroyed by a bomb hit at the Zalaegerszeg railway station.@\nIn 1949 the museum was nationalised, and in 1952 the use of its name was banned, at which time it was still the largest rural Hungarian museum in the Carpathian Basin. In the meantime, it was deprived of part of its collection: some 350 000 items of archival material were removed in several stages up to 1964, establishing another important collection, the State Archives in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy.@\nIn 1979-81, the extension of the building, planned for decades, was completed with the adaptation of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly' plans by Gagyi Ferenc.@\nAfter the fall of communism at the end of 1989, the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum retook its former name.@\nIn addition to its rich natural history, archaeological, historical, ethnographic and fine arts collections, the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum also has a library with significant 18th-19th century Hungarian printed material and manuscripts.\n&\nwikipedia: Sz\u00e9kely Nemzeti M\u00fazeum|https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sz%C3%A9kely_Nemzeti_M%C3%BAzeum"},{"sightId":2071,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Bod P\u00e9ter Megyei K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r, Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Covasna","address":"Strada G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron 14","mapdata":"1|421|1535","gps_lat":"45.8659119129","gps_long":"25.7854167473","religion":0,"oldtype":"11","newtype":"76","homepage":"http:\/\/www.kmkt.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicu farcas at ro.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_library.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe library\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a8\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_library.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_library.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_library.jpg\u0022\u003ENicu farcas at ro.wikipedia\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Seat of the Sz\u00e9kely Seats, Conty Hall, Bod P\u00e9ter County Library","seolink":"former-seat-of-the-szekely-seats-conty-hall-bod-peter-county-library","note":"","history":"The former headquarters of the Sz\u00e9kely seat of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k (traditional administrative unit) and later H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County was built in 1832."},{"sightId":2072,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Prim\u0103ria","address":"Strada 1 Decembrie 1918 2","mapdata":"1|778|1522","gps_lat":"45.8659966969","gps_long":"25.7885190540","religion":0,"oldtype":"12","newtype":"12","homepage":"https:\/\/www.sepsiszentgyorgyinfo.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_city_hall.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe city hall\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7d\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_city_hall.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_city_hall.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_city_hall.jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei Stroe\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Town Hall","seolink":"town-hall","note":"","history":"The town hall was built in 1854-56."},{"sightId":2073,"townId":79,"active":2,"name_LO":"Tam\u00e1si \u00c1ron Sz\u00ednh\u00e1z, Teatrul Tam\u00e1si \u00c1ron","address":"Strada Libert\u0103\u021bii 1","mapdata":"1|678|1539","gps_lat":"45.8658775297","gps_long":"25.7876549946","religion":0,"oldtype":"91","newtype":"91","homepage":"https:\/\/www.tasz.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Gr\u00f3szny\u00f3, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tam%C3%A1si_%C3%81ron_Sz%C3%ADnh%C3%A1z.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Tam\u00e1si \u00c1ron Sz\u00ednh\u00e1z\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/69\/Tam%C3%A1si_%C3%81ron_Sz%C3%ADnh%C3%A1z.JPG\/512px-Tam%C3%A1si_%C3%81ron_Sz%C3%ADnh%C3%A1z.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tam%C3%A1si_%C3%81ron_Sz%C3%ADnh%C3%A1z.JPG\u0022\u003EGr\u00f3szny\u00f3\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Tam\u00e1si \u00c1ron Theatre","seolink":"tamasi-aron-theatre","note":"","history":"The theatre was built in 1868."},{"sightId":2074,"townId":79,"active":2,"name_LO":"Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Koll\u00e9gium, Liceul Teoretic Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3","address":"Strada Gr\u00f3f Mik\u00f3 Imre 1","mapdata":"1|643|1621","gps_lat":"45.8653911251","gps_long":"25.7873281191","religion":2,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"https:\/\/szekelymikokollegium.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Szekely-Miko-Kollegium-Sepsiszentgyorgy-1457","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Miko_kollegium.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Miko kollegium\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3a\/Miko_kollegium.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Miko_kollegium.jpg\u0022\u003EMarkolaci\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 High School","seolink":"szekely-miko-high-school","note":"","history":"In 1858, with the support of Count Mik\u00f3 Imre, a Reformed (Calvinist) secondary school was opened in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. Initially it was located next to the Reformed Church. In 1863, it moved to its present site, where the classrooms were first set up in small houses and stables. The present neoclassical school building was built between 1870 and 1876 according to the plans of Zofalh Guszt\u00e1v. The plans were paid for by Mik\u00f3 Imre, the building materials were provided by Sz\u00e9kely villages in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, and the land was provided free of charge by the town. Mik\u00f3 Imre died in 1876. At that time the school decided to take the names of its three founders (the Reformed Church, the Sz\u00e9kely people of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k and Count Mik\u00f3 Imre), and became the Reformed Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 School then College.@\nThe southern wing of the college, on Mik\u00f3 Street, was built in 1892 according to the plans of Alp\u00e1r Ign\u00e1c.@\nThe building was severely damaged in an earthquake in 1940, and due to the war, education in the building only resumed in December 1944. In 1948 the school was nationalised and the Romanian language of instruction was introduced. The school was given back its old name after 1989, but the Romanian state tried to sabotage the church's efforts to reclaim the institution in every possible way."},{"sightId":2075,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Mikes Kelemen Elm\u00e9leti L\u00edceum, Liceul Teoretic Mikes Kelemen","address":"Strada Kriza J\u00e1nos 1-3","mapdata":"1|546|2114","gps_lat":"45.8624550926","gps_long":"25.7864660586","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/www.mikes.educv.ro\/web\/guest;jsessionid=78C7DA16B271973F0BC03C25FC95AC82","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Boy's School, Mikes Kelemen High School","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-state-civil-boys-school-mikes-kelemen-high-school","note":"","history":"In 1874, a decision was taken to establish a two-year upper girls' school above the elementary school for girls. After obtaining approval, the school board elected M\u00e1lik J\u00f3zsef as the headmaster of the new school.@\nIn 1877 it was transformed into a four-class civil girls' school, then in the last years of the 19th century the school was taken over by the state and operated under the name of the Hungarian Royal State Civil Girls' School until the end of World War I.@\nIn the period following the Romanian occupation, the girls' school, which was threatened with liquidation, was reorganised as a denominational school and continued to operate within the walls of the Reformed Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College. In 1927, the building of the girls' school, which was designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly and built from public donations, was completed, and in 1935 the dormitory was finished (it is not currently in this building).@\nIn 1948, the school was nationalised.On 18 January 1990, it was renamed Mikes Kelemen Elementary Lyceum, and from the 1990-1991 school year it became a Hungarian-language secondary school again.\n&\nmikes.ngo.ro|http:\/\/www.mikes.educv.ro\/web\/guest\/iskolankrol"},{"sightId":2076,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly Szakk\u00e9pz\u0151 L\u00edceum, Liceul Tehnologic K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly","address":"Strada G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron 18","mapdata":"1|369|1673","gps_lat":"45.8651323969","gps_long":"25.7849828991","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"https:\/\/lkk.educv.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Girl's Grammar School, K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly Vocational School","seolink":"former-szekely-miko-girls-grammar-school-kos-karoly-vocational-school","note":"","history":"Designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly in 1926. Currently K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly School."},{"sightId":2077,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Magma Kort\u00e1rs M\u0171v\u00e9szeti Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e9r, Spa\u021biul Expozi\u021bional de Art\u0103 Contemporan\u0103 MAGMA","address":"Pia\u021ba Libert\u0103\u021bii","mapdata":"1|607|1430","gps_lat":"45.8665607145","gps_long":"25.7869863607","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"99","homepage":"https:\/\/magma.maybe.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_art_gallery.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe art gallery\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/34\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_art_gallery.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_art_gallery.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_art_gallery.jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei Stroe\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Hungarian Royal State Civil Girl's School, Magma Contemporary Art Gallery","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-state-civil-girls-school-magma-contemporary-art-gallery","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2078,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Oficiul Po\u0219tal 1","address":"Strada 1 Decembrie 1918 110","mapdata":"1|944|1681","gps_lat":"45.8650920195","gps_long":"25.7899042044","religion":0,"oldtype":"80","newtype":"64","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_Hungaria_hotel_2.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Sf Gheorghe Hungaria hotel 2\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dc\/RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_Hungaria_hotel_2.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_Hungaria_hotel_2.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Sf_Gheorghe_Hungaria_hotel_2.jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei Stroe\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Hung\u00e1ria Hotel","seolink":"former-hungaria-hotel","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2079,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Colegiul Na\u0163ional Mihai Viteazul","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly 22","mapdata":"1|271|2393","gps_lat":"45.8607550962","gps_long":"25.7841369025","religion":0,"oldtype":"75","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/www.colegiulmihaiviteazul.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian Royal State Teacher Training Institution","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-state-teacher-training-institution","note":"","history":"On 4 December 1910, the new building of the Teachers' Training Institute, founded in 1900, was inaugurated. After the Romanian occupation in 1919, the building was taken away and the institute was closed in 1923."},{"sightId":2080,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly","mapdata":"1|67|2864","gps_lat":"45.8580801647","gps_long":"25.7824424358","religion":0,"oldtype":"111","newtype":"120","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Fabrica_de_tigarete_Sfantu_Gheorghe_(1).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Fabrica de tigarete Sfantu Gheorghe (1)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/ce\/RO_CV_Fabrica_de_tigarete_Sfantu_Gheorghe_%281%29.jpg\/512px-RO_CV_Fabrica_de_tigarete_Sfantu_Gheorghe_%281%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Fabrica_de_tigarete_Sfantu_Gheorghe_(1).jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Hungarian Royal Tobacco Factory","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-tobacco-factory","note":"","history":"&\ngallery.hungaricana.hu: Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy Magyar kir\u00e1lyi Doh\u00e1nygy\u00e1r|https:\/\/gallery.hungaricana.hu\/hu\/SzerencsKepeslap\/1240822\/?img=0"},{"sightId":2081,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Stadionului","mapdata":"1|153|1946","gps_lat":"45.8634895450","gps_long":"25.7830920750","religion":0,"oldtype":"86","newtype":"71","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Boy's Orphanage","seolink":"former-boys-orphanage","note":"","history":"&\ngallery.hungaricana.hu: \u00dcdv\u00f6zlet Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgyr\u0151l. Fi\u00fa \u00e1rvah\u00e1z; Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Koll\u00e9gium; Szabads\u00e1g t\u00e9r|https:\/\/gallery.hungaricana.hu\/hu\/OSZKKepeslap\/1429551\/?img=0"},{"sightId":2082,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy","mapdata":"2|283|948","gps_lat":"45.8568904229","gps_long":"25.7701918841","religion":0,"oldtype":"51","newtype":"51","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Serestej-haz-Sepsiszentgyorgy-4004","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Serest\u00e9j House","seolink":"serestej-house","note":"","history":"In the old settlement of Szemerja lies a folk baroque mansion, largely preserved in its original form. It was built by Serestej J\u00f3zsef and M\u00f3ritz S\u00e1ra in 1794."},{"sightId":2083,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Gr\u00f3f Mik\u00f3 Imre 9","mapdata":"1|821|1733","gps_lat":"45.8647468688","gps_long":"25.7888495178","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kos_szentgyorgy.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Kos szentgyorgy\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/82\/Kos_szentgyorgy.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kos_szentgyorgy.jpg\u0022\u003EMarkolaci\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Keresztes House","seolink":"keresztes-house","note":"","history":"The house was designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly for the Keresztes brothers in 1913."},{"sightId":2084,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly 10","mapdata":"1|306|2163","gps_lat":"45.8621790623","gps_long":"25.7843786891","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=263","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_(5).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Sfantu Gheorghe Muzeul (5)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/ce\/Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_%285%29.jpg\/512px-Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_%285%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sfantu_Gheorghe_Muzeul_(5).jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei kokelburg\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Museum guard houses","seolink":"museum-guard-houses","note":"","history":"Designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly in 1913."},{"sightId":2085,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Gyermekek \u00e9s Tanul\u00f3k Palot\u00e1ja, Palatul Copiilor \u0219i Elevilor","address":"Strada K\u0151r\u00f6si Csoma S\u00e1ndor 19","mapdata":"1|1015|1025","gps_lat":"45.8689625757","gps_long":"25.7905308993","religion":2,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"78","homepage":"http:\/\/palatulcopiilor.ro\/hu\/udvozoljuk\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Pioneer House, Calvinist School, Palace of Children and Students","seolink":"former-pioneer-house-calvinist-school-palace-of-children-and-students","note":"","history":"It was built in 1929-30 according to the plans of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly. It is now the Students' House."},{"sightId":2086,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"dr. Fogoly\u00e1n Krist\u00f3f Megyei K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Spitalul Jude\u021bean dr. Fogoly\u00e1n Krist\u00f3f","address":"Strada G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron","mapdata":"1|327|1885","gps_lat":"45.8638472780","gps_long":"25.7846674164","religion":0,"oldtype":"71","newtype":"71","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Ferenc J\u00f3zsef Hospital","seolink":"former-ferenc-jozsef-hospital","note":"","history":"In 1853, the first hospital in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County was opened by the community. In 1914, K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly planned five buildings for the hospital, but this wasn't fully implemented."},{"sightId":2087,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Konsza Samu 11","mapdata":"1|381|1086","gps_lat":"45.8684685049","gps_long":"25.7850665418","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Csulak House","seolink":"csulak-house","note":"","history":"K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly designed the villa in B\u00e9ke (Peace) Street in 1924.\n&\n3szek.ro: Orvosainkra eml\u00e9kez\u00fcnk Dr. Csulak Samu \/1883\u20131958\/|https:\/\/www.3szek.ro\/load\/cikk\/93427\/-dr-csulak-samu-\/1883%E2%80%931958\/-orvosainkra-emlekezunk"},{"sightId":2088,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Muzeul Na\u021bional al Carpa\u021bilor R\u0103s\u0103riteni","address":"G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron utca 16.","mapdata":"1|390|1605","gps_lat":"45.8654854211","gps_long":"25.7851533878","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.mncr.ro\/hu-kezdolap.html","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"National Museum of the Eastern Carpathians","seolink":"national-museum-of-the-eastern-carpathians","note":"","history":"In 1995, the Transylvanian National History Museum established an archaeological department in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy, which became an independent museum in 1999, taking the name Museum of the Eastern Carpathians and operating under the Ministry of Culture. In 2003, a government decree gave the institution its own building at 16 G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron Street in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. Its declared focus is on the promotion of Romanian cultural heritage."},{"sightId":2089,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Parcul Elisabeta, Erzs\u00e9bet park","mapdata":"1|534|1540","gps_lat":"45.8659013917","gps_long":"25.7863622691","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12077\/1848-49-es-szabadsagharc-honved-emlekmuve#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Memorial with Lions, Memorial to the Hungarian War of Independence in 1948\/49","seolink":"memorial-with-lions-memorial-to-the-hungarian-war-of-independence-in-1948\/49","note":"","history":"The monument was inaugurated in 1874, on the 25th anniversary of the 1848\/49 Hungarian War of Independence, and erected in the main square of Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy in memory of the heroes who died in the war. On the main side of the obelisk, which stood in the middle, was a plaque of the Hungarian crowned coat of arms. On either side of the obelisk, a lion statue carved in Carrara marble was placed.@ \nIn the years after Trianon, the obelisk was knocked down and the coat of arms was broken off by the Romanian invaders. The obelisk was moved to the courtyard of the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum, but the pedestal with the lions remained in place. In 1932, the lions were rolled off the site, but they were still put back on by order of the authorities. In 1934, at the request of the local prefect, the lions were moved to the museum and the pedestal was removed.@\nIn September 1940, following the Second Vienna Award, the monument was quickly restored and the missing parts were replaced. However, in September 1944, the obelisk was knocked down and the lions mutilated by the members of the invading Romanian Maniu Guard. The lions were returned to the museum in its garden, in a relatively secluded place. After 1947, the obelisk was restored, but the Hungarian coat of arms was removed and replaced by a marble plaque with the dates '1848-1849', and the obelisk was simply inscribed 'In memory of the War of Independence' at the bottom. In 1958, some students of the Mik\u00f3 College laid a wreath at the monument, for which the Romanian authorities sentenced them to long years in prison.@\nIn March 2018, the obelisk was renovated, the Hungarian crowned coat of arms and the original inscriptions written by the writer J\u00f3kai M\u00f3r were restored to the front."},{"sightId":2090,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Templom utca, K\u0151r\u00f6si Csoma S\u00e1ndor utca","mapdata":"1|1181|950","gps_lat":"45.8692588485","gps_long":"25.7919572564","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/22392\/turul-emlekmu#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Turul Memorial","seolink":"turul-memorial","note":"","history":"The sculpture by S\u00e1rp\u00e1tki Zolt\u00e1n, a young sculptor from Cs\u00edkszereda was inaugurated on 10 March 2014."},{"sightId":2091,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Parcul Elisabeta, Erzs\u00e9bet park","mapdata":"1|570|1676","gps_lat":"45.8651223361","gps_long":"25.7866389567","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12054\/miko-imre","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Bocskai Vince; photo: Gr\u00f3szny\u00f3, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:MikoImreSztgyorgy2.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022MikoImreSztgyorgy2\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/19\/MikoImreSztgyorgy2.JPG\/512px-MikoImreSztgyorgy2.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:MikoImreSztgyorgy2.JPG\u0022\u003EBocskai Vince; photo: Gr\u00f3szny\u00f3\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Statue of Count Mik\u00f3 Imre","seolink":"statue-of-count-miko-imre","note":"","history":"Count Mik\u00f3 Imre looks at the building of the Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College, which he founded in 1859. Mik\u00f3 Imre (1805-1876) was born in Zabola, in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County. He was Governor of Transylvania twice and then Minister of Public Works and Transport of Hungary between 1867 and 1870. He also founded the Transylvanian Museum Association in 1859, based in Kolozsv\u00e1r. His statue was erected on 14 November 1998, the work of Bocskai Vince."},{"sightId":2092,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Erzs\u00e9bet park, Parcul Elisabeta","mapdata":"1|524|1896","gps_lat":"45.8637673067","gps_long":"25.7862255011","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/18983\/marton-aron-uloszobra","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of Bishop M\u00e1rton \u00c1ron of Transylvania","seolink":"statue-of-bishop-marton-aron-of-transylvania","note":"","history":"The statue of Catholic Bishop M\u00e1rton \u00c1ron was inaugurated on 27 October 2012, the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2093,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"Szent Gy\u00f6rgy-szobor, Statuia Sf\u00e2ntul Gheorghe","address":"","mapdata":"1|689|1457","gps_lat":"45.8663814134","gps_long":"25.7877238399","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/17710\/szent-gyorgy-szobor","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of St. George the Dragon Slayer","seolink":"statue-of-st-george-the-dragon-slayer","note":"","history":"The replica of the statue of St George the Dragonslayer made by the Kolozsv\u00e1ri brothers in the Middle Ages was erected on 5 May 2012."},{"sightId":2094,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Str. Ciucului 88","mapdata":"1|1746|132","gps_lat":"45.8743242397","gps_long":"25.7967791862","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/16020\/szent-gellert-es-szent-imre","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of St. Gerard of Csan\u00e1d and St. Imre of Hungary","seolink":"statue-of-st-gerard-of-csanad-and-st-imre-of-hungary","note":"In the garden in front of the St. Gerard Catholic church.","history":"The modern Catholic church on Cs\u00edki Street in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy was consecrated in September 1988, in honour of the martyred bishop Saint Gell\u00e9rt. Varga G\u00e1bor's burnt ceramic composition was consecrated on 24 September 2011."},{"sightId":2095,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Gr\u00f3f Mik\u00f3 Imre","mapdata":"1|648|1679","gps_lat":"45.8650706499","gps_long":"25.7872982617","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/16561\/csutak-vilmos-szobra","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of Csutak Vilmos","seolink":"statue-of-csutak-vilmos","note":"","history":"Csutak Vilmos was born on 4 November 1874 in Z\u00e1gon, the birth place of Mikes Kelemen. He graduated from the University of Kolozsv\u00e1r with a degree in history and Latin. From 1903 he was a teacher at the Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy, and from 1916 he was its director. At the same time he became the director of the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum, a post he held until his death. He wrote mainly local history studies based on his research. His writings on the history of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County and the Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 College appeared in the local press. His statue was erected on 19 November 2011 and was made by Petrovics Istv\u00e1n."},{"sightId":2096,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron","mapdata":"1|390|1663","gps_lat":"45.8652003324","gps_long":"25.7851428261","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/14183\/kos-karoly","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly","seolink":"bust-of-kos-karoly","note":"","history":"The architect's statue was erected on 22 May 2009, and it is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly. On the western side of the main square of the town, the Sz\u00e9kely Mik\u00f3 Girls' High School was built in 1927 (on the hill opposite the main building), designed by K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly. K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly designed several buildings for the town, many of which were completed (e.g. the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum complex)."},{"sightId":2097,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Romulus Cioflec","mapdata":"1|1433|370","gps_lat":"45.8729735291","gps_long":"25.7941603636","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12117\/gabor-aron","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron","seolink":"bust-of-gabor-aron","note":"","history":"Artillery officer Major G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron (1814-1849) was the hero of the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence. His bust was unveiled on 22 September 1973. It is the work of Gergely Istv\u00e1n."},{"sightId":2098,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada V\u00e1radi J\u00d3zsef, Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|629|1214","gps_lat":"45.8678604769","gps_long":"25.7871944097","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12935\/kossuth-lajos-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Kossuth Lajos","seolink":"bust-of-kossuth-lajos","note":"","history":"Kossuth Lajos was the political leader of the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence. The bust was erected on 22 November 2002 in front of the K\u00f3nya \u00c1d\u00e1m Culture Hous. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2099,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba Libert\u0103\u021bii 1","mapdata":"1|609|1447","gps_lat":"45.8664979960","gps_long":"25.7869612090","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12656\/gyarfas-jeno","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of Gy\u00e1rf\u00e1s Jen\u0151","seolink":"statue-of-gyarfas-jeno","note":"","history":"The painter Gy\u00e1rf\u00e1s Jen\u0151 (1857-1925) is the eponym of the Gallery of Fine Arts of the Sz\u00e9kely National Museum. He is also known as the Munk\u00e1csy of the Sz\u00e9kelys. His statue was erected on 3 October 2010. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2100,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Erzs\u00e9bet park, Parcul Elisabeta","mapdata":"1|516|1921","gps_lat":"45.8636098437","gps_long":"25.7862264350","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/11992\/szent-istvan-szobor","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of St. Stephen of Hungary","seolink":"bust-of-st-stephen-of-hungary","note":"","history":"The bust of King Saint Stephen I of Hungary was inaugurated on 20 August 2004. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2101,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Erzs\u00e9bet park, Parcul Elisabeta","mapdata":"1|485|1939","gps_lat":"45.8635256581","gps_long":"25.7860035707","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12125\/ii-rakoczi-ferenc#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022own photo; sculptor: Mih\u00e1ly Vargha, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:II._R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi_Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgy.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022II. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f6\/II._R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi_Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgy.JPG\/512px-II._R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi_Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgy.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:II._R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi_Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgy.JPG\u0022\u003Eown photo; sculptor: Mih\u00e1ly Vargha\u003C\/a\u003E, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Bust of Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferenc II","seolink":"bust-of-prince-rakoczi-ferenc-ii","note":"","history":"The bust of the leader of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1703-1711 was inaugurated on 10 July 2004, the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2102,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Arany J\u00e1nos","mapdata":"1|1435|1893","gps_lat":"45.8638015598","gps_long":"25.7940911221","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12462\/arany-janos","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Arany J\u00e1nos","seolink":"bust-of-arany-janos","note":"","history":"The bust of the Hungarian poet was inaugurated on 17 August 2007. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly. The Arany ballad 'Tetemreh\u00edv\u00e1s' was painted by Gy\u00e1rf\u00e1s Jen\u0151, and the painting can be seen in the Gy\u00e1rf\u00e1s Jen\u0151 Gallery. "},{"sightId":2103,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Oltului","mapdata":"1|1529|1606","gps_lat":"45.8655176227","gps_long":"25.7949561634","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/26418\/benedek-elek-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Benedek Elek","seolink":"bust-of-benedek-elek","note":"","history":"The bust of the great Sz\u00e9kely storyteller was unveiled on the day of the Hungarian folk tale (Benedek Elek's birthday) on the small square in front of the kindergarten named after h\u00edm. It was erected on 30 September 2015, and it is the work of Varga G\u00e1bor."},{"sightId":2104,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Kriza J\u00e1nos","mapdata":"1|588|2120","gps_lat":"45.8624486058","gps_long":"25.7868568904","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12262\/mikes-kelemen#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Mikes Kelemen","seolink":"bust-of-mikes-kelemen","note":"","history":"The bust stands in a small park in front of the secondary school named after Mikes Kelemen. The institution took the name of the Hungarian writer Mikes Kelemen, who was forced into exile after the fall of the 1703-1711 Hungarian War of Independence, in 1990. It was erected on 23 May 1993, and was made by Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s."},{"sightId":2105,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"56\u2019 \u2013os eml\u00e9kpark, Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|563|1142","gps_lat":"45.8682612698","gps_long":"25.7866569813","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12887\/plugor-sandor-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Plugor S\u00e1ndor","seolink":"bust-of-plugor-sandor","note":"","history":"In October 2006, the bust of the graphic artist and painter was unveiled in front of the old building of the Plugor S\u00e1ndor Art Lyceum in Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy (built in 1906).It was erected on 28 October 2006, and was made by Jecza P\u00e9ter."},{"sightId":2106,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada K\u00f3s K\u00e1roly","mapdata":"1|187|2599","gps_lat":"45.8595637589","gps_long":"25.7833709182","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/12302\/dozsa-gyorgy","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy","seolink":"bust-of-dozsa-gyorgy","note":"","history":"The bust of the leader of the peasant uprising in 1514 was erected on 1 May 1954 for propaganda purposes."},{"sightId":2107,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"K\u00e1lvin t\u00e9r","mapdata":"1|675|532","gps_lat":"45.8719487772","gps_long":"25.7875466391","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/17817\/kalvin-janos#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of John Calvin","seolink":"statue-of-john-calvin","note":"","history":"The statue was erected on 10 July 2014 in the old market square of Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy on the occasion of the VII Hungarian Reformed World Meeting. It is the work of Bocskai Vince."},{"sightId":2108,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Erzs\u00e9bet park, Parcul Elisabeta","mapdata":"1|386|1920","gps_lat":"45.8636481860","gps_long":"25.7851496420","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/38958\/david-ferenc#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of D\u00e1vid Ferenc","seolink":"statue-of-david-ferenc","note":"","history":"On 21 September 2019, a full-length statue of the founder of the Unitarian Church, D\u00e1vid Ferenc (1520 c.-1579), was erected. It is the work of Harmath Istv\u00e1n."},{"sightId":2507,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Martinovics Ign\u00e1c 2","mapdata":"1|648|1106","gps_lat":"45.8684715616","gps_long":"25.7872773474","religion":0,"oldtype":"50","newtype":"16","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Be\u00f6r Palace","seolink":"beor-palace","note":"","history":"The Be\u00f6r Palace was built around 1890 in neoclassical style as the residence of the noble Be\u00f6r family of Transylvania. The Be\u00f6rs owned the palace until the Romanian nationalisation. Since 2009, it has been the county headquarters of the RMDSZ (a Hungarian political party in Romania). The Memorial House of the Victims of the Communist Dictatorship was opened in the basement of the building on 23 April 2014.\n&\nwikipedia: Be\u00f6r-palota|https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Be%C3%B6r-palota"},{"sightId":2508,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba Libert\u0103\u021bii","mapdata":"1|603|1779","gps_lat":"45.8644397434","gps_long":"25.7869961453","religion":0,"oldtype":"20,17","newtype":"120","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Stancosty, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Casa_cu_arcade_(L%C3%A1bash%C3%A1z).jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Casa cu arcade (L\u00e1bash\u00e1z)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ec\/Casa_cu_arcade_%28L%C3%A1bash%C3%A1z%29.jpeg\/512px-Casa_cu_arcade_%28L%C3%A1bash%C3%A1z%29.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Casa_cu_arcade_(L%C3%A1bash%C3%A1z).jpeg\u0022\u003EStancosty\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Arcade House, Former Headquarters of the Hussar Regiment","seolink":"arcade-house-former-headquarters-of-the-hussar-regiment","note":"","history":"The house was built between 1818-22. It was the headquarters of the Hussars regiment. After the 1848-49 Hungarian War of Independence, the district court moved into the building when the border guard was disbanded. It also served as a death row. Later, the building became the property of the Sz\u00e9kely Tanalap (Educational Fund), and for decades it was the seat of the district of Sepsi and its court. Before the First World War, the building was in danger of being demolished, but the outbreak of the war saved it. From the 1950s, the treasures of the State Archives were kept here.\n&\nwikipedia: L\u00e1bash\u00e1z (Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy)|https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A1bash%C3%A1z_(Sepsiszentgy%C3%B6rgy)"},{"sightId":2509,"townId":79,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba Libert\u0103\u021bii","mapdata":"1|506|1392","gps_lat":"45.8667905814","gps_long":"25.7861028177","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"15","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Markolaci, CC BY-SA 2.5 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Fogolyan.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Fogolyan\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b8\/Fogolyan.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Fogolyan.jpg\u0022\u003EMarkolaci\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 2.5\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Fogoly\u00e1n House","seolink":"fogolyan-house","note":"","history":"The Fogoly\u00e1n family, of Hungarian-Armenian origin, came from Marosludas to Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. The family's history in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County begins with Fogoly\u00e1n Krist\u00f3f, whose son Krist\u00f3f, one of eight children, became a wholesaler in the town and married Fej\u00e9r M\u00e1ria-Roz\u00e1lia, the daughter of Fej\u00e9r Luk\u00e1cs, the founder of the Rudolf Hospital in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. One of their sons, Dr. Fogoly\u00e1n Krist\u00f3f (1878-1954), was a doctor from Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy, known as the White Angel, who was considered the leading medical doctor in the Sz\u00e9kely town for four decades. Dr. Fogoly\u00e1n Krist\u00f3f also built a sanatorium in the town.\n&\nkronikaonline.ro: M\u00e1r csak Strasbourgban b\u00edzik a Fogoly\u00e1n-\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00f6s: h\u00e1rom \u00e9vtizede k\u00fczd jussa restit\u00faci\u00f3j\u00e1\u00e9rt Szotyori-Nagy \u00c1ron|https:\/\/kronikaonline.ro\/erdelyi-hirek\/mar-csak-strasbourgban-bizik-a-fogolyan-orokos-harom-evtizede-kuzd-jussa-restituciojaert-szotyori-nagy-aron"}]},"language":"en","region":"romania","regionid":4,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}