The town, which developed at the Maros ferry, owes its importance to the junction of the trade routes. King Charles I of Hungary, when he had his seat in Temesvár because of the oligarchs ruling most of the country, visited Lippa frequently and had a church built here. He later established a coin mint in Lippa. In the 14th century, it was the largest town in Arad County, and its importance exceeded that of the town of Arad. It was here that the salt transported on the Maros River was stored. The first castle in the settlement was built by Hunyadi János. In 1529, King John I of Hungary elevated the town to the status of a free royal town to promote its development. After the fall of Buda, the widowed Queen Isabella and little John Sigismund took refuge here. After Isabella surrendered Transylvania to King Ferdinand under the coercion of George Martinuzzi, the governor of Transylvania, the Turks occupied Lippa. George Martinuzzi's fate was caused by his double-dealing at Lippa. After besieging Lippa and granting the Turks free retreat, he lost the Emperor's confidence and was assassinated. Lippa was captured by the Turks for an extended period in a punitive campaign launched the following year. In 1595, Lippa was liberated by Hungarian troops of the Principality of Transylvania, but in 1616 the prince was forced to cede it again at the Turkish demand. It was finally liberated at the end of the 17th century, but its castle had to be demolished under the terms of a peace treaty with the Turks. In the resettlement of the area, the Habsburgs favoured the Germans and the Vlachs over the Hungarians. In the 19th century, the town regained its importance, when the Lippa raftsmen, together with the company in Szászrégen, reached monopoly in the transport of wood from Transylvania on the Maros River. Next to the town, on the northern side of the Maros, is the village of Máriaradna, whose church was the most prestigious pilgrimage site in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, along with Mariazell.

Check out other towns in Transylvania as well!

{"item":"town","set":{"mapcenter":{"lat":"46.0917990000","long":"21.6948150000"},"townlink":"lippa-lipova","town":{"townId":65,"active":1,"name_HU":"Lippa","name_LO":"Lipova","name_GE":"Lippa","name_LT":"","seolink":"lippa-lipova","listorder":29,"oldcounty":28,"country":4,"division":14,"altitude":"123\u2013127","gps_lat":"46.0917990000","gps_long":"21.6948150000","population":7,"hungarian_2011":2.63,"population_1910":7427,"hungarian_1910":22.37,"german_1910":33.17,"slovak_1910":0,"romanian_1910":42.96,"rusin_1910":0,"serbian_1910":0,"croatian_1910":0,"slovenian_1910":0,"coatofarms":"","coatofarms_ref":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicole me1, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Maria_Radna_,_Lipova,_Arad,_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Maria Radna , Lipova, Arad, Romania\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9e\/Maria_Radna_%2C_Lipova%2C_Arad%2C_Romania.jpg\/512px-Maria_Radna_%2C_Lipova%2C_Arad%2C_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Maria_Radna_,_Lipova,_Arad,_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003ENicole me1\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","georegion":"Maros Valley","river":"Maros","description":"The town, which developed at the Maros ferry, owes its importance to the junction of the trade routes. King Charles I of Hungary, when he had his seat in Temesv\u00e1r because of the oligarchs ruling most of the country, visited Lippa frequently and had a church built here. He later established a coin mint in Lippa. In the 14th century, it was the largest town in Arad County, and its importance exceeded that of the town of Arad. It was here that the salt transported on the Maros River was stored. The first castle in the settlement was built by Hunyadi J\u00e1nos. In 1529, King John I of Hungary elevated the town to the status of a free royal town to promote its development. After the fall of Buda, the widowed Queen Isabella and little John Sigismund took refuge here. After Isabella surrendered Transylvania to King Ferdinand under the coercion of George Martinuzzi, the governor of Transylvania, the Turks occupied Lippa. George Martinuzzi's fate was caused by his double-dealing at Lippa. After besieging Lippa and granting the Turks free retreat, he lost the Emperor's confidence and was assassinated. Lippa was captured by the Turks for an extended period in a punitive campaign launched the following year. In 1595, Lippa was liberated by Hungarian troops of the Principality of Transylvania, but in 1616 the prince was forced to cede it again at the Turkish demand. It was finally liberated at the end of the 17th century, but its castle had to be demolished under the terms of a peace treaty with the Turks. In the resettlement of the area, the Habsburgs favoured the Germans and the Vlachs over the Hungarians. In the 19th century, the town regained its importance, when the Lippa raftsmen, together with the company in Sz\u00e1szr\u00e9gen, reached monopoly in the transport of wood from Transylvania on the Maros River. Next to the town, on the northern side of the Maros, is the village of M\u00e1riaradna, whose church was the most prestigious pilgrimage site in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, along with Mariazell.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@before 1241|The little settlement belonged to the royal county of Temesv\u00e1r during the reign of the House of \u00c1rp\u00e1d. Its importance was due to the nearby ferry. The settlement situated at the junction of trade routes shortly evolved to a prosperous town. The settlement's name comes from the old Slavic lipova word, meaning a place with linden trees.@#5|@1241-42|Lippa was devastated by the Mongol invaders.@after 1241|Its castle was most likely erected by King B\u00e9la IV of Hungary after the Mongol invasion.@1285|Lippa repelled the attack of Nogai Khan during the second Mongol invasion.@#6|@between 1315 and 1317|King Charles I of Hungary frequently stayed in Lippa, which developed into an important town during his reign. When the king moved his seat to Temesv\u00e1r, a richly decorated church was raised in Lippa from the king's donation.@around 1325|King Charles I established a royal coin minting chamber in Lippa.@around 1328|The supposed coin mint of Szeged was also relocated to Lippa, which ceased to exist between 1331 and 1442.@1325|A Franciscan monastery was founded in Lippa. There was also a convent for Beguines in the town in 1531.@1333|Lippa was the largest town in Arad County.@1342-1382|A diploma from the time of King Louis I of Hungary mentioned the storages along the Maros River, where salt, which was essential for food preservation at that time, was safely stored.@1440|The lordship of Solymos Castle was acquired by b\u00e1n Hunyadi J\u00e1nos of Sz\u00f6r\u00e9ny, later vajda of Transylvania, which also included the oppidum of Lippa. Hunyadi J\u00e1nos ordered the construction of a new castle within the settlement near the Maros River in order to protect his newly acquired property.@February 1456|The castellan of Lippa was mentioned for the first time. His name was Keszi Bal\u00e1zs, a familiary (kind of a vassal) of Hunyadi.@#7|@1457|King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V of Hungary swore in Temesv\u00e1r that he will not take revenge on the Hunyadi family for the death of Baron Cillei Ulrich, who was murdered in N\u00e1ndorfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r (Belgrade). Then he broke his word and had Hunyadi L\u00e1szl\u00f3 beheaded.@1462|Jan Jiskra, the leader of the Czech Hussite marauders that had been plundering northern Hungary for decades, surrendered his castles to King Matthias of Hungary and received the lordships of Solymos and Lippa in exchange.@1470|Jiskra died without leaving a boy behind. The lordships were to be inherited by the brothers B\u00e1nfi Mikl\u00f3s and Jakab, but they arbitrarily took possession of the castles before the official registration of their ownership. For this reason King Matthias gave the castles to his illegitimate son, Corvin J\u00e1nos, instead. The king wanted to make his son the largest landowner of the country to insure his succession after his death. But this was prevented by the aristocrats, who feared from the restoration of centralized royal power, which crumbled after King Matthias' death in 1490.@1505|Corvin J\u00e1nos died. His widow, Frangep\u00e1n Beatrix remarried to George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, who took possession of the Hunyadi estates in Croatia and Transylvania. He arrived in Hungary at the invitation King Ul\u00e1szl\u00f3 II. He became the educator of the young heir, Lajos II, but he was removed because of his dissipated lifestyle.@1510|George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach reinforced the town with bastions and defences.@1514|Its castellan, Bod\u00f3 Mikl\u00f3s, surrendered Lippa to the peasant army of D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy without a fight. The army of vajda Szapolyai J\u00e1nos of Transylvania occupied Lippa, who also became its new owner, after the repression of the peasant uprising.@#8|@#9|@1541|After the fall of Buda, the capitol of Hungary, the widow Queen Isabella moved to Lippa with his child, J\u00e1nos Zsigmond, and they stayed here until May 1542.@1551|The child John Sigismund's guardian, George Martinuzzi, with Castaldo's imperial army, forced Queen Isabella to surrender the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (including Transylvania) to King Ferdinand I. Isabella left for Poland with her child, the heir to the throne. The Turks then launched a punitive campaign against Hungary.@1551|George Martinuzzi handed over Lippa to King Ferdinand I of Hungary. B\u00e1thory Endre of Ecsed occupied Lippa with his soldiers.@October 8, 1551|Beylerbey Mehmed besieged Lippa. He was sent by the Sultan as retaliation for the surrendering of Transylvania by George Martinuzzi to the Habsburg Empire. The Serb majority of the inhabitants opened gates in order to avoid the siege but the Turks sacked the town.@November 5, 1551|The soldiers of George Martinuzzi besieged Lippa held by the Turks. After weeks of fighting, in spite of the protest of his commanders, Father George allowed Pasha Ulema a free retreat, and also sent the annual tax to the Sultan, so as not to incur the full wrath of the Turks. This gesture aroused the suspicions of General Castaldo, who believed that George Martinuzzi was in collusion with the Turks. The Court ordered him to do as he willed, as soon as his suspicion became certain.@December 17, 1551|George Martinuzzi was assassinated by the imperial mercenaries of General Castlado in his castle in Alvinc. After the ruthless murder, his corpse lay in the pool of his blood in the castle for 70 days until it was discovered. He was buried in the St. Michael's Cathedral in Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r only in March 1552. Martinuzzi's immense fortune was seized by General Castaldo on behalf of King Ferdinand I. According to contemporary sources, the foreign mercenaries loaded 250,000 Hungarian forints, 889 marks of gold bullion, 2453 marks of silver, 4000 Lysimachus gold coins, hoards of gold chains and silverwares onto the wagons, and Father George\u2019s stud of 300 stallions was also stolen.@1552|The Ottomans led two campaigns against Hungary. Pasha Ahmed of Buda besieged the strategically important town of Temesv\u00e1r, near Lippa. Upon receiving the news of the town's surrender on 27 July, the Spanish mercenary commander Aldana cowardly fled from the castle of Lippa. The town fell into Turkish hands for decades. It was the seat of a sanjak.@1556|The Estates of Transylvania, dissatisfied with Habsburg rule, recalled Queen Isabella to the throne, to which the Sultan gave his consent. On her return, she regained control of eastern Hungary.@#10|@1570's|100-500 Turkish soldiers stationed in the town. During the four decades of Turkish rule, Sephardi Jews also lived in the town.@#12|@May 27, 1595|Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond of Transylvania entrusted the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Kar\u00e1nsebes and Lugos with the battle hardened Borb\u00e9ly Gy\u00f6rgy. Borb\u00e9ly defeated the army of the Pasha of Temesv\u00e1r on 13 August at Facs\u00e1d and liberated Lippa on 1 September. Then he pressed on as far as Arad and liberated that town as well and everything in between.@1595|The Beylerbey of Temesv\u00e1r besieged Lippa defended by Borb\u00e9ly Gy\u00f6rgy, but he retreated as soon as the army of Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond of Transylvania approached the town. After the unsuccessful siege of Temesv\u00e1r, B\u00e1thory left a garrison of two thousand in the castle of Lippa.@June 27, 1598|The troops of Szaturdzsi Mehmed were defeated near the town by the Transylvanian army.@1600|Voivod Mihai (Viteazul) of Wallachia occupied the town.@#13|@end of June 1605|Jen\u0151, Lippa, Lugos and Kar\u00e1nsebes surrendered to Prince Bocskai Istv\u00e1n of Transylvania.@1605|The Tatars drove away the horses of the Serb soldiers sent to Lippa by b\u00e1n Keresztesi P\u00e1l of Lugos and Kar\u00e1nsebes, who was appointed by Prince Bocskai Istv\u00e1n. The Serbs, blaming the Hungarians, occupied the town in revenge and handed it over to the Pasha of Temesv\u00e1r.@1606|Petneh\u00e1zy Istv\u00e1n took back the town for Prince Bocskai Istv\u00e1n of Transylvania. The control over the town played a key role in the diplomatic relationship between the Principality of Transylvania and the Ottoman Empire. Prince Bocskai promised the Turks to hand over the castles of Jen\u0151 and Lippa for their support, but he finally did not fulfill his promise. Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Zsigmond of Transylvania (1607-1608) gave the town defended by Serb soldiers exemption from all the taxes.@#14|@1616|The country assembly of Transylvania ordered the town to be surrendered to the Turks, after Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor ascended to the throne with Turkish help. Captain Vajda Istv\u00e1n was unwilling to carry out the order, and Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor had to take the castle by force so that he could hand it over to the Beylerbey of Temesv\u00e1r. In exchange, Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor could keep the castle of Borosjen\u0151. The Turks repaired and expanded the castle. The garrison also got significant reinforcement.@#15|@#16|@#17|@#18|@1657|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II of Transylvania launched a campaign for the crown of Poland in alliance with Carl X Gustaf of Sweden. His aim was to unite the Hungarian-Polish-Wallachian forces against the Turks. The campaign started successfully with the prince taking Krak\u00f3w and Warsawa, but then the King of Sweden abandoned him. The vengeful Poles invaded northern Transylvania, burning defenceless villages, destroying churches and castles. Soon the punitive campaign of Turkish and Tatar armies devastated Transylvania, as the prince launched his Polish campaign against the Sultan's will.@June 26, 1658|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II of Transylvania defeated the army of Pasha Ahmed of Buda here.@#23|@January 26, 1686|Caraffa and Veterani took back Lippa from the Turks after four days of siege.@#25|@June 20, 1688|Caraffa captured Lippa while his army left Transylvania occupied by the Habsburg Empire in 1687.@#26|@1690|Turks occupied Lippa again.@1691|Veterani took Lippa back.@September 7, 1695|The army of Sultan Mustafa II occupied Lippa once more, this time the castle was heavily damaged by the siege.@October 1695|The imperials took back Lippa from the small Turkish garrison left behind.@1699|According to the Treaty of Karlowitz, the town remained in imperial hands, but the castle had to be demolished.@#27|@1717|The last remains of the castle were demolished by L\u00f6ffelholz, the imperial commander of Arad.@early 18th century|The town was mostly inhabited by Serbs in the 16\u201317th centuries. They left at the beginning of the 18th century and were replaced by Vlachs (now they are called Romanians). Its first German inhabitants were the veterans of the Habsburg imperial army.@1718|The town became the seat of one of the districts of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g.@1724|Two hundred families moved to Lippa from the western part of Bavaria and from Saxony.@1764|71 German speaking artisan families, and in 1780 and in 1784 more German migrants moved to Lippa.@1768|The shipwrights established their guild.@from 1778|Lippa belonged to Temes County as the seat of a district.@1820|The Orthodox teacher Moise Bota, who translated the Hungarian poems of Csokonai Vit\u00e9z Mih\u00e1ly to Vlach and also wrote folk poems, published the first Vlach alphabet book with Latin letters in Lippa, for which the Serb church leadership removed him from his position.@1834|District judge K\u00f6v\u00e9r J\u00e1nos established a hospital.@#28|@1848|The town's inhabitants supported the Hungarian revolution.@November 14, 1848|The detachment of the imperial garrison of Temesv\u00e1r defeated the army of Major M\u00e1ri\u00e1ssy J\u00e1nos and established connection with the besieged castle of Arad.@19th century|Lippa was an important station for timber rafting on the Maros River, Transylvanian raftsmen floated the logs bound together down the river to Lippa.@1855|Raftsmen of Lippa established a joint venture and monopolized the Maros River together with the similar company in Sz\u00e1szr\u00e9gen. They operated a sawmill, employed shingle makers, organized the logging in Hunyad County and operated the port in Lippa.@1819|The potter's guild was established. This profession flourished in the middle of the century.@1860|A horse-drawn railway was established between Lippa and Lippaf\u00fcred, which was built around the spas. The naturally carbonated water high in lithium and iron of the four spas (springs) south of the town were known already in the 16th century. The construction of the baths started in 1818. The water was used to cure illnesses of the digestive and circulatory systems and also of the limbs.@#30|@1867|At the initiative of German artisans, private school with Hungarian teaching language was established. In 1874 a Hungarian language civil school was established.@between 1870 and 1875|A brewery was established. It was purchased by the brewery of Temesv\u00e1r in 1922 and in Lippa brewing was stopped within a couple of years. The machines were dismantled and later the buildings also were demolished.@#31|@1916|On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).@1918|On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compi\u00e8gne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.@#32|@#36|@1950|The settlements of M\u00e1riaradna and Solymosv\u00e1r were attached to Lippa.@1960|The construction of new residential areas started, mainly along the north-eastern verge of the town. An industrial area was established south of the town.@2002|7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.&Iv\u00e1nyi Istv\u00e1n: Lugos rendezett tan\u00e1cs\u00fa v\u00e1ros t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete|http:\/\/digiteka.ro\/detail\/19\/lugos-rendezett-tanacsu-varos-tortenete"},"castles":[{"castleId":143,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Cetatea \u0218oimo\u0219","settlement_HU":"Solymosv\u00e1r, Lippa","settlement_LO":"\u0218oimo\u0219, Lipova","address":"","listorder":20,"gps_lat":"46.1086620000","gps_long":"21.7232920000","oldcounty":28,"country":4,"division":14,"cond":3,"entrance":2,"varaklink":"https:\/\/varak.hu\/latnivalo\/index\/2932-Lippa-Solymos-vara\/","homepage":"http:\/\/www.cetatesoimos.ro\/index_en.php","openinghours":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Argona, CC BY-SA 3.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ruinele_Cetati_Soimis.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Ruinele Cetati Soimis\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/46\/Ruinele_Cetati_Soimis.jpg\/512px-Ruinele_Cetati_Soimis.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ruinele_Cetati_Soimis.jpg\u0022\u003EArgona\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Solymos Castle","seolink":"solymos-castle-cetatea-soimos","georegion":"Z\u00e1r\u00e1nd Mountains","description":"","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@#5|@1270s|P\u00e1l, b\u00e1n of Sz\u00f6r\u00e9ny, built Solymos Castle as the centre of his estate. The aristocrat, who got rich from salt trade, established an Augustinian monastery as well next to the castle.@1278|P\u00e1l died without heir and left Castrum Somos on Pausa, the son of his brother.@#6|@around 1300|One of the most powerful Hungarian oligarchs K\u00e1n L\u00e1szl\u00f3, vajda of Transylvania, captured the castle.@1315|K\u00e1n L\u00e1szl\u00f3 deceased. The army of King Charles I of Hungary took back Solymos Castle and the town of Lippa. During the following decades, the castle was under the authority of the royal isp\u00e1n of Arad County. The castle and the estate were pawned several times temporarily.@early 15th century|Ozorai Pipo organized the southern defence system of Hungary on behalf of King Sigismund. Solymos became part of it, and the castle was expanded.@1439|King Albert of Hungary pawned Solymos to Hagym\u00e1s L\u00e1szl\u00f3 of Bereksz\u00f3.@1440|King Ul\u00e1szl\u00f3 I of Hungary confiscated the castle from Hagym\u00e1s L\u00e1szl\u00f3 of Bereksz\u00f3 because of treason, and donated it to Orsz\u00e1gh Mih\u00e1ly and J\u00e1nos of Guth, but the two families continued to quarrel with each other.@from 1444|Governor of Hungary Hunyadi J\u00e1nos, who was also vajda of Transylvania, took the castle for himself, but the quarrellers were compensated. The outer castle was created at that time and the palace wings were also significantly expanded. Hunyadi J\u00e1nos ordered the construction of a castle in Lippa as well.@1453, 1456|King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V of Hungary confirmed the ownership of Hunyadi J\u00e1nos. Keszi Bal\u00e1zs became the castellan of Solymos.@#7|@after 1456|After the death of Hunyadi J\u00e1nos, the castle was managed by his widow, Szil\u00e1gyi Erzs\u00e9bet.@after 1458|Solymos became a royal castle after King Matthias ascended to the throne of Hungary.@1462|King Matthias gave Solymos and Lippa together with 25 thousand gold forints to the Czech Hussite bandit leader Jan Jiskra in exchange for the castles occupied by his thugs in northern Hungary (which is now called Slovakia). Jiskra married the daughter of Orsz\u00e1gh J\u00e1nos of Guth. He served in the army of King Matthias until his death in 1468, when the Crown recovered his estates.@1482|King Matthias donated the castle to B\u00e1nffy Mikl\u00f3s of Als\u00f3lendva, isp\u00e1n of Arad and Pozsony counties, and to his brother Jakab.@1487|King Matthias confiscated the castle from B\u00e1nffy Mikl\u00f3s, who lost favour with the king. The king gave it to his own illegitimate son, Corvin J\u00e1nos.@1504|Corvin J\u00e1nos died.@1505|The only son of Corvin J\u00e1nos, the child Krist\u00f3f, died. He was the last male member of the family.@1508|Erzs\u00e9bet, the daughter of Corvin J\u00e1nos also died. The castle was inherited by the widow of Corvin J\u00e1nos, Frangep\u00e1n Beatrix.@1509|Frangep\u00e1n Beatrix married George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, the nephew of King Ul\u00e1szl\u00f3 II.@1510|After the death of Frangep\u00e1n Beatrix, George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, inherited the Hunyadi estates. He entrusted the management of the estates to foreign experts. The lordship of Solymos reached its greatest extent by the end of the 15th century, when it consisted of the castles of Solymos and Lippa, another castle, four towns and 180 villages.@1514|Pressed by the guards, the vice castellan Georg Pratner surrendered the castle to the insurgents of D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy, after the peasants threatened them that they would take revenge on their family members living in Lippa. The army of the nobility took the castle back after the peasants were defeated at Temesv\u00e1r. After that the castle was in the possession of n\u00e1dor Per\u00e9nyi P\u00e9ter as well.@#8|@after 1526|King John I held the castle. It was significantly transformed at the beginning of the 16th century, and it was also surrounded with an outer wall.@#9|@1541|Queen Isabella took a few days rest in the castle, while she was moving from Buda occupied by Suleiman to Transylvania. The ruinous balcony of the inner castle was later called \u2019the balcony of Queen Isabella\u2019, where the queen had brooded over her sad fate. The palace wing built in the 1490s was named Isabella Wing after her.@1551|The imperial troops of B\u00e1thory Andr\u00e1s marched into the castle, when Transylvania was handed over to the Habsburg emperor. The Sultan sent Beylerbey Sokollu Mehmed of Rumelia to take revenge, but he did not dare to attack the Christian army gathering at Lippa. Then B\u00e1thory Andr\u00e1s marched to V\u00e1rad and entrusted Peth\u00f3 J\u00e1nos of Gerse with the defence of castle. Beylerbey Mehmed took advantage of the opportunity and, helped of the Serbs, he occupied the town of Lippa, which was left undefended, but they besieged Solymos in vain.@1552|The great Turkish army captured the castle by force after Temesv\u00e1r was occupied. Turks stationed in the castle until 1595.@#10|@#12|@1595|Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond of Transylvania appointed the battle hardened Borb\u00e9ly Gy\u00f6rgy b\u00e1n of Kar\u00e1nsebes and Lugos. Borb\u00e9ly defeated the army of the Pasha of Temesv\u00e1r on 13 August at Facs\u00e1d and liberated Lippa and Solymos Castle. Then he pressed on along the Maros Valley as far as Arad and liberated that town as well along with several castles on the way.@1597|Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond of Transylvania donated Solymos to Chancellor J\u00f3sika Istv\u00e1n, but he had him beheaded for being involved in a conspiracy in 1598.@August 3, 1601|The combined armies of General Basta and Voivode Mihai of Wallachia defeated the Transylvanian army of Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond in the battle of Goroszl\u00f3. After that, the army of Voivode Mihai sacked and burned the towns of Torda, Nagyenyed and Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, where they robbed the tombs of the Hunyadi family, King John II of Hungary and his mother Queen Isabella. Then, on 19 August, Voivode Mihai was assassinated by the mercenaries of General Basta, because Mihai tried to usurp the throne of Transylvania once again. Genral Basta also introduced a reign of terror in Transylvania and let his mercenaries ravage freely throughout the land.@July 2, 1602|General Giorgio Basta defeated the army of Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes at T\u00f6vis. Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes became the leader of the Transylvanian uprising against the Habsburg Empire after the battle of Goroszl\u00f3.@1602|Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes fled to Solymos Castle after he was defeated by General Basta at T\u00f6vis. But as he didn\u2019t consider it strong enough, he exchanged it with the Pasha of Temesv\u00e1r for the castle of Kladova. But Solymos was soon liberated by the Christians.@1603|General Basta left Transylvania with his imperial army. Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes set out from Temesv\u00e1r with Sz\u00e9kely and Turkish armies to liberate Transylvania. The estates of Transylvania, having enough of Basta\u2019s terror, welcomed him in Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r and elected him Prince of Transylvania on 9 May. The Habsburgs mobilized their vassal, Voivode Radu Serban of Wallachia, who attacked the camp of Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes at Brass\u00f3 at night on 17 July. The Prince was killed and General Basta returned to Transylvania.@#13|@#14|@1616|The country assembly of Transylvania ordered the castle and the town of Lippa to be surrendered to the Turks, after Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor ascended to the throne with Turkish help. The captain of Lippa Vajda Istv\u00e1n was unwilling to carry out the order, and Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor had to take Lippa by force so that he could hand it over to the Beylerbey of Temesv\u00e1r. In exchange, Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor could keep the castle of Borosjen\u0151. Solymos was also taken over by the Turks. After that not much is known about the insignificant border castle, which was defended by only a small garrison.@#15|@#16|@#23|@#25|@1688|The Turks were driven out permanently.@#26|@1699|The Treaty of Karlowitz left the towns of Lippa and Temesv\u00e1r in Turkish hands. Solymos became part of the defence system maintained by the Habsburg military leadership against the Turkish threat from Temesv\u00e1r. Therefore the castle escaped the Emperor\u2019s decree ordering the destruction of many Hungarian castles in 1701.@#27|@between 1703 and 1711|The attacks of R\u00e1k\u00f3czi\u2019s insurgents avoided Solymos Castle, which remained firmly in Habsburg hands.@1716|After Temesv\u00e1r was liberated from the Turks, the castles along the valley of the Maros River lost their purpose. The size of the garrison of Solymos was minimized.@1784|In 1784, Emperor Joseph II ordered an increase in the number of border guards. The Valch serfs in Transylvania were under the misapprehension that the conscription had been started, and began to gather en masse, as the military service was the only way for the Vlach migrants that overpopulated in the Transylvanian mountains to escape the misery. The leaders of the local administration, believing that they were being bypassed by the imperial court, tried to block the process. In addition, the Vlach Orthodox priests incited the Vlach population against the Hungarians, whom they hated, and fooled the Vlachs with the myth of their Daco-Roman origin. Horea spread the word that the emperor had appointed him as the leader of the Vlachs. The enraged Vlach peasants attacked the Hungarian and Saxon citizens and began a terrible ethnic cleansing, exterminating 133 mostly Hungarian settlements and murdering thousands of people. After the mob was crushed, two of their leaders, Horea and Clo\u0219ca, were executed by the wheel in Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r. The third leader, Cri\u015fan, cowardly committed suicide in the prison. There was no mass reprisal.@1784|One group of the Vlach insurgents of Horea was defeated under the Castle Hill by the army of the nobility.@1788|Solymos Castle was abandoned and its walls and buildings were damaged using gunpowder by order of the Viennese military leadership. The castle was never rebuilt and the ruins were left to decay.&studhist.blog.hu: Solymos \u00e9s Lippa v\u00e1rai Arad megy\u00e9ben I. r\u00e9sz|https:\/\/studhist.blog.hu\/2017\/11\/18\/solymos_es_lippa_varai_arad_megyeben_i_resz\nstudhist.blog.hu: Solymos \u00e9s Lippa v\u00e1rai Arad megy\u00e9ben II. r\u00e9sz|https:\/\/studhist.blog.hu\/2017\/11\/18\/solymos_es_lippa_varai_arad_megyeben_ii_resz"}],"sights":[{"sightId":1601,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"M\u0103n\u0103stirea Romano-Catolic\u0103 Sf. Maria Radna","address":"M\u00e1riaradna","mapdata":"2|539|261","gps_lat":"46.0990044071","gps_long":"21.6861447842","religion":0,"oldtype":"9","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/www.mariaradna.com\/hu\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Maria-kegytemplom-es-kolostor-Mariaradna-1694","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Nicole me1, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Maria_Radna_,_Lipova,_Arad,_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Maria Radna , Lipova, Arad, Romania\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9e\/Maria_Radna_%2C_Lipova%2C_Arad%2C_Romania.jpg\/512px-Maria_Radna_%2C_Lipova%2C_Arad%2C_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Maria_Radna_,_Lipova,_Arad,_Romania.jpg\u0022\u003ENicole me1\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Church of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary and Franciscan Monastery in M\u00e1riaradna","seolink":"church-of-the-intercession-of-the-virgin-mary-and-franciscan-monastery-in-mariaradna","note":"","history":"At the time of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, it was the most prestigious pilgrimage site, next to Mariazell. The majority of the Catholic faithful are Hungarians. The Franciscan monks were settled in Lippa by King Charles I of Hungary in 1325. He founded a monastery for them and had a church built in honour of his uncle, St Louis of Toulouse. In 1440, Radna is mentioned for the first time in the sources. In 1520, a widow had a chapel built on the hill of Radna. In 1668, the Franciscan monks donated to the chapel of Radna a holy image printed on paper from the Remondini printing press in Bassano del Grappa (Vicenza, Italy). This is the miraculous image, still venerated today. In 1695, Turkish soldiers set fire to the chapel, miraculously the image printed on paper was found intact in the charred ruins. According to another legend, a Turkish soldier tried to enter the church on horse, but his horse stumbled over a stone, and the hoofprint of his horse can still be seen on the church wall. After the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, the Maros became a border river, the area to the north with Radna became part of Hungary again, while Lippa on the south bank remained under Turkish occupation. B\u00e1ns\u00e1g was returned to Hungary in the 1718 Peace of Passarowitz. In 1709, after the plague had passed, the first votive pilgrimage of the town of Arad to M\u00e1riaradna was organised. In 1722, misterious rays of light appeared around the church by night. In 1727, the construction of the present monastery building with its western wing began. Between 1743 and 1747 the south wing was built. In 1750, the monastery and shrine of M\u00e1riaradna were declared a place of pilgrimage. The foundation stone of the present church was laid on 7 July 1756. On 9 July 1767, on the Sunday of Pentecost, Bishop Franz Anton Leopold von Engl zu Wagrain personally transferred the image from the old chapel to the new church, which was visited by 12,000 pilgrims. In 1768 it was visited by Empress Maria Theresa's son Joseph II. Between 1769 and 1770, the rococo frame of the image was made by the Viennese jeweller Josef Moser, on the orders of Maria Theresa, using 30 kg of silver. In 1820, Cardinal Rudnay S\u00e1ndor, Archbishop of Esztergom (formerly Bishop of Transylvania), solemnly consecrated the church and donated two golden crowns (the crown of the Virgin and the crown of the baby Jesus). According to the Archbishop's will, his heart is also kept here. At Pentecost 1832, 25,000 pilgrims arrived, including Vlach Orthodox worshippers. In 1895, on the 200th anniversary of the first miracle, a new altar in Carrara marble was built. In 1905, an organ from the workshop of Wegenstein Lip\u00f3t in Temesv\u00e1r was installed. In 1911, both towers were raised by 30 metres to 67 metres. In 1917, the organ pipes and the church bells were confiscated for war purposes. After the Romanian invasion, thanks to the work of Bishop Dr. Pacha \u00c1goston, many pilgrims continued to visit the shrine. In 1935, for example, 73,000 pilgrims visited the site under the bishop's leadership, the largest pilgrimage in its history. In 1951, after the dissolution of the monastic orders, the communists exiled all the Franciscan monks in Romania to M\u00e1riaradna. For nine months it was designated as a forced residence for about a hundred Franciscans and a hundred and fifty nuns. The authorities tried to starve them into leaving the order, but the people of the villages secretly supplied them. They were then scattered to different parts of the country. In 1964, the first trip of Honorary Archbishop Dr. Boros B\u00e9la, released after 13 years in prison, was to M\u00e1riaradna. In 1971 the shrine was renovated with donations from pilgrims who came despite the communist crackdown. After that, there were attempts to make the pilgrimage impossible, for example, on the day of the shrine's feast of St. Anne, the workers were not given any holidays. After 1989 the Franciscans gradually took it back. In 1992, Pope John Paul II declared the church a basilica minor. On that occasion, Honorary Archbishop Dr. Boros B\u00e9la donated a new altar to the church. In 2003, the Franciscan monks left the monastery due to lack of replacement. Since then, the church has been maintained by the Diocese of Temesv\u00e1r. The 2.4 m high statue of Pope John Paul II was erected on the occasion of his beatification. \n&\nmariaradna.com: T\u00f6rt\u00e9net|mariaradna.com\/hu\/toertenet"},{"sightId":1602,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Romano-Catolic\u0103","address":"Strada Bogdan Petriceicu Ha\u0219deu 55","mapdata":"1|854|1131","gps_lat":"46.0893257363","gps_long":"21.6926410000","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/parohialipova.wordpress.com\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Oguszt, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Catholic_church_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Catholic church lipova\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fb\/Catholic_church_lipova.jpg\/256px-Catholic_church_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Catholic_church_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003EOguszt\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Roman Catholic Church","seolink":"roman-catholic-church","note":"","history":"In 1724, 180 Catholic German families from Bavaria were settled in the town. The church was built between 1880 and 1889. The German school nearby was built in 1819.\n&\nturismlipova.ro|http:\/\/en.turismlipova.ro\/"},{"sightId":1603,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Liceul Sever Bocu","address":"Strada Vasile Bugariu 5","mapdata":"1|1078|484","gps_lat":"46.0931700094","gps_long":"21.6946762648","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/severbocu.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Oguszt, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Highschool_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Highschool lipova\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Highschool_lipova.jpg\/512px-Highschool_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Highschool_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003EOguszt\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former civil boy's school and commercial school","seolink":"former-civil-boys-school-and-commercial-school","note":"","history":"On 15 October 1874, the Ministry of Religion and Public Education approved the establishment of a secondary civil school for boys, which began operating on 15 November 1874. On 15 September 1887, a secondary commercial school was founded.@\nThese two institutions operated in parallel, with Hungarian as the language of instruction, until the Romanian occupation in 1919. The foundation stone was laid on 1 August 1892 and the school was completed by 21 August 1893. The new northeast wing was completed by September 1909. On 20 June 1919, the Romanian occupying authorities expropriated it and education continued in Romanian."},{"sightId":1604,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Aurel V\u00e2n\u0103tu 1","mapdata":"1|831|674","gps_lat":"46.0919969306","gps_long":"21.6925647303","religion":1,"oldtype":"5,74","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/www.lamlipova.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Convent of the School Sisters of Notre Dame","seolink":"former-convent-of-the-school-sisters-of-notre-dame","note":"","history":"The convent was founded in 1862 by the school sisters from Temesv\u00e1r (the Poor School Sisters of Our Lady). Today it is occupied by the Atanasie Marienescu School Group."},{"sightId":1605,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Ortodox\u0103 Adormirea Maicii Domnului","address":"Strada 9 Mai","mapdata":"1|1517|558","gps_lat":"46.0927330375","gps_long":"21.6985867852","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Radufan, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_Ortodoxa_Lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Biserica Ortodoxa Lipova\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/98\/Biserica_Ortodoxa_Lipova.jpg\/256px-Biserica_Ortodoxa_Lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_Ortodoxa_Lipova.jpg\u0022\u003ERadufan\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Assumption of the Virgin Mary Orthodox Church","seolink":"assumption-of-the-virgin-mary-orthodox-church","note":"","history":"The construction of the church is said to have been supported by Basarab I, Voivode of Wallachia. An Orthodox church in Lippa was mentioned as early as the time of Louis the Great (King Louis I of Hungary). In 1732, the original 15th century frescoes were restored. In 1785, a new iconostasis was built. It was enlarged in 1792 and rebuilt in Baroque style. Between 1928 and 1930 it was restored with the support of the Minister of Banat Sever Bocu, when it received its stained glass windows.\n&\nturismlipova.ro|http:\/\/en.turismlipova.ro\/"},{"sightId":1606,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada 9 Mai","mapdata":"1|1481|507","gps_lat":"46.0929840608","gps_long":"21.6982030735","religion":5,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Unknown author, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lipova,_Liceul_Atanasie_Marinescu.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Lipova, Liceul Atanasie Marinescu\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/Lipova%2C_Liceul_Atanasie_Marinescu.jpg\/512px-Lipova%2C_Liceul_Atanasie_Marinescu.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lipova,_Liceul_Atanasie_Marinescu.jpg\u0022\u003EUnknown author\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Orthodox Vlach School","seolink":"former-orthodox-vlach-school","note":"","history":"The (formerly Orthodox) school next to the church was built in 1773 and was the first permanens Vlach Orthodox school in the town. Its first floor was added in 1818."},{"sightId":1607,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Bazarul Turcesc","address":"Bazarul turcesc, Strada Nicolae B\u0103lcescu","mapdata":"1|1323|467","gps_lat":"46.0932781983","gps_long":"21.6967098778","religion":0,"oldtype":"83","newtype":"83","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Utilizator:Ugo at ro.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lippa_-_t%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_baz%C3%A1r.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Lippa - t\u00f6r\u00f6k baz\u00e1r\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/81\/Lippa_-_t%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_baz%C3%A1r.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lippa_-_t%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_baz%C3%A1r.jpg\u0022\u003EUtilizator:Ugo at ro.wikipedia\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Turkish Bazaar","seolink":"turkish-bazaar","note":"","history":"It dates from the 17th century, it was built during the Turkish rule."},{"sightId":1608,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Muzeul or\u0103\u015fenesc Lipova","address":"Strada Gheorghe Doja","mapdata":"1|1128|685","gps_lat":"46.0919339313","gps_long":"21.6950409016","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.primarialipova.ro\/turism\/obiective\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Missics-haz-Lippa-3973","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Unknown author, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lipova,_Muzeul_orasului.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Lipova, Muzeul orasului\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/46\/Lipova%2C_Muzeul_orasului.jpg\/512px-Lipova%2C_Muzeul_orasului.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lipova,_Muzeul_orasului.jpg\u0022\u003EUnknown author\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Mi\u0219ici House, Town Museum of Lippa","seolink":"misici-house-town-museum-of-lippa","note":"","history":"The former mansion of Missics J\u00e1nos (MP for the district of Lippa in 1861 and between 1865-1868) was built in the first half of the 19th century. In 1930, Sever Bocu converted it for his own purposes. Today, the building houses the Municipal Museum, with paintings from the collections of Eleonora Costescu and Vasile Varga, as well as various decorative objects and furniture."},{"sightId":1609,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Podul metalic","address":"","mapdata":"1|816|463","gps_lat":"46.0931157514","gps_long":"21.6927122470","religion":0,"oldtype":"30","newtype":"30","homepage":"http:\/\/hu.turismlipova.ro\/2015\/11\/28\/regi-hid\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Oguszt, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bridge_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Bridge lipova\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/98\/Bridge_lipova.jpg\/512px-Bridge_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bridge_lipova.jpg\u0022\u003EOguszt\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Iron Bridge","seolink":"iron-bridge","note":"","history":"The iron bridge, built in 1896, was the first permanent road bridge in the town on the Maros, previously there was a pontoon bridge. The location of the bridge was the subject of a long dispute between the German and Vlach citizens of the town, and a compromise was finally reached to build it in a location that did not suit the interests of either party. The bridge connects Lippa and Radna and is 144 metres long. Today it is an industrial monument, the new bridge on the Maros was built between 1991 and 1999."},{"sightId":1610,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Casa de Cultur\u0103","address":"Str. Nicolae Titulescu, no.10","mapdata":"1|949|577","gps_lat":"46.0925804442","gps_long":"21.6936372296","religion":0,"oldtype":"80,81","newtype":"106","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Archduke Joseph Hotel and Caf\u00e9, House of Culture","seolink":"former-archduke-joseph-hotel-and-cafe-house-of-culture","note":"","history":"The hotel was built at the end of the 19th century."},{"sightId":1611,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Str. V\u00e2natu Aurel","mapdata":"1|905|621","gps_lat":"46.0923400765","gps_long":"21.6931861590","religion":0,"oldtype":"15","newtype":"74","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian Royal Forest Office","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-forest-office","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2469,"townId":65,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Reformat\u0103","address":"Strada Timi\u0219orii","mapdata":"1|568|1161","gps_lat":"46.0891524769","gps_long":"21.6902921215","religion":2,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Oguszt, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lippai_reformatus_templom.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Lippai reformatus templom\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5f\/Lippai_reformatus_templom.jpg\/512px-Lippai_reformatus_templom.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lippai_reformatus_templom.jpg\u0022\u003EOguszt\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Calvinist Church","seolink":"calvinist-church","note":"","history":""}]},"language":"en","region":"romania","regionid":4,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}