exploreCARPATHIA
Attractions along the Carpathians
Transylvania / Romania

Kézdivásárhely

Târgu Secuiesc
Kézdivásárhely
Hungarian:
Kézdivásárhely
Romanian:
Târgu Secuiesc
German:
Szekler-Neumarkt
Latin:
Neoforum Siculorum
Historical Hungarian county:
Háromszék
Country:
Romania
County:
Covasna
River:
Torja Brook
Altitude:
570 m
GPS coordinates:
46.001862, 26.137925
Google map:
Population
Population:
17k
Hungarian:
87.6%
Population in 1910
Total 5892
Hungarian 99%
Coat of Arms
ROU CV Targu Secuiesc CoA
Romanian Government, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

In the 12th century, the Székelys who moved here from the area of today's Szászkézd founded Kézdiszék, whose centre later became Kézdivásárhely. The Székelys had equal rights with the nobles, owned their own land, paid mostly no taxes, and in return were obliged to go to war one by one to defend Hungary from foreign invasions. The settlement developed around a market place in the centre of the Upper Háromszék basin, at the junction of roads coming in from five directions. It was originally named Torjavására after the nearby village of Torja and the stream of the same name. Its present name appeared in the middle of the 16th century, when it was already a major town. The town became an important handicraft centre in Székelyland, and several guilds were established. During the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence, it was the centre of defence for the Székely people of Háromszék, and it was here that Gábor Áron cast his cannons, and his statue has stood in the main square since 1971. In 1849, it was united with Kanta, which was famous for its grammar school run by Minorite fathers. In 1876, when the public administration was modernised, the Székely seats were abolished and then it became part of Háromszék County. From 1952 to 1960, it was part of the Hungarian autonomous region created under Soviet pressure, which was gradually abolished by the Romanians. In 1968 it became part of Kovászna County. It is now the easternmost Hungarian-majority town in the Carpathian Basin.

History
Sights
© OpenStreetMap contributors
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
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895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
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1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
11th century
The Székelys who now live in the area lived in the territory of the present day town of Szászkézd. The Kézdi name refers to the area they came from. Kézdi was the name of the Székely seat (an administrative unit) whose centre was in the town. It is still preserved in the town’s name.
12th century
King Géza II of Hungary relocated the Székelys living in the area of the present day town of Szászkézd to this area. The king settled Saxons in their place, who founded Szászkézd. The Székelys were organized into special administrative units called seats (szék). They elected their leaders themselves, had equal rights with the nobles, owned their lands and were mostly exempt from taxation. In exchange for all these privileges, they were obliged to enlist as soldiers in the event of an external attack on Hungary.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
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1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
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1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1407
The settlement was mentioned for the first time as Torjawasara, which means Torja’s fair in Hungarian. Torja was the name of the nearby stream and also of a village in the neighbourhood. The area probably belonged to this village, and the fairs were held here because it was situated in the centre of the Upper Háromszék Basin, in the junction of roads coming from five directions.
1427
King Sigismund of Hungary confirmed the settlement’s right to hold fairs. It was called Torjavására.
1437
The union of the three nations (Unio Trium Nationum) was formed in Kápolna (Union of Kápolna). Székelys were equal members of the union besides the Saxons and the Hungarian nobility. This union gained its true significance after 1570, when Transylvania became an independent principality due to the Turkish conquest of central Hungary. These three nations were represented in the Transylvanian Diet, and they elected the prince. Vlach migrants (mostly shepherds and peasants) were a small minority at the time and were excluded from the political power just like Hungarian peasants.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
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1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
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1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary, who later established the Principality of Transylvania.
April, 1562
The Székely assembly in Székelyudvarhely organized the armed rebellion against King John II of Hungary in order to restore their privileges abolished by the king. The plan was that the Habsburg emperor would support their rebellion from outside. The captain of Hadad Castle, Sulyok György, defected to King Ferdinand I, so the Transylvanian army of King John II besieged the castle. An army of Germans and Hungarians, led by Balassa Menyhárt, who had defected earlier, and Zay Ferenc, the captain of the Upper Hungary, set out to liberate the castle.
March 4, 1562
Balassa Menyhárt and Zay Ferenc, Captain of Upper Hungary, defeated the Transylvanian army led by Báthory István, Captain of Várad, in the Battle of Hadad. The Transylvanian defeat was caused by the fact that the vanguard led by Némethi Ferenc, against the orders of King John II, engaged the larger enemy army in battle prematurely. King John II was rescued by the armies of the pashas of Temesvár and Buda, who attacked Balassa's army and pushed it back to Szatmár, but Hadad remained in Ferdinand's hands.
June 20, 1562
The army of King John II defeated the Székely rebels along the Nyárád River between Vaja and Kisgörgény. The leaders were impaled by a decision of the Diet of Segesvár.
1562
The name Kézdivásárhely appeared for the first time in the letter of King John II written after the suppression of the Székely uprising. The king restricted the privileges of the Székelys, which resulted in an unsuccessful uprising. The participants were turned into serfs.
1562
Three Székely seats (Sepsi, Orbai and Kézdi) were united as Háromszék (Three Seats).
1567
Kézdivásárhely was already a significant town. It was the centre of Kézdi Seat.
1570
The establishment of the Principality of Transylvania
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1570
John II (John Sigismund), the son of King John I of Hungary, renounced the title of King of Hungary in favor of King Maximilian of the House of Habsburg, and henceforth held the title of Prince. This formally created the Principality of Transylvania, which was the eastern half of Hungary not ruled by the Habsburgs and was also a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. John II died in 1571, after which the three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Székelys and the Saxons) elected the prince.
1572
Prince Báthory István of Transylvania allowed the tanners and the shoemakers to establish the first guild of the town.
second half of the 16th century
The craftsmen of the town started to organize guilds. The town was one of the most significant centres of craftsmanship in Székelyföld. The princes of Transylvania granted the charters of privileges necessary to establish guilds. Kézdivásárhely gained the nicknames 'the town of guilds' and 'the town of shoemakers'.
1591-1606
Fifteen Years' War
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1591-1606
The Ottoman Empire started a war against the Habsburg Empire. The war was waged in the territory of Hungary. The Turks defeated the combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Principality of Transylvania in the battle of Mezőkeresztes in 1596, but their victory was not decisive. The war devastated the Principality of Transylvania, which was occupied by the Habsburg army, and General Basta introduced a reign of terror.
1604-1606
Uprising of Bocskai István
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1604-1606
The alliance of the Habsburgs and the Principality of Transylvania was defeated by the Ottoman Empire in the Fifteen Years' War. The war devastated Transylvania, which was occupied by the Habsburg imperial army, and General Basta introduced a reign of terror. The nobility and the burghers were upset about the terror, the plundering mercenaries and the violent Counter-Reformation. Bocskai István decided to lead their uprising after the Habsburg emperor tried to confiscate his estates. Bocskai also rallied the hajdú warriors to his side. He was elected Prince of Transylvania and soon liberated the Kingdom of Hungary from the Habsburgs. In 1605 Bocskai István was crowned King of Hungary with the crown he received from the Turks.
23 June 1606
Peace of Vienna
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23 June 1606
Bocski István made peace with Emperor Rudolf. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and the freedom of religion. The counties of Szatmár, Bereg and Ugocsa were annexed to the Principality of Transylvania. Bocskai died of illness in the same year, leaving to his successors the idea of unifying Hungary from Transylvania.
1619
The campaign of Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
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1619
At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania went to war against the Habsburg emperor as an ally of the rebelling Czech-Moravian-Austrian estates. The whole Kingdom of Hungary joined him, only the Austrian defenders of Pozsony had to be put to the sword. With his allies, he laid siege to Vienna. However, he was forced to abandon the siege because the Habsburg-loyal Hungarian aristocrat Homonnai Drugeth György attacked his heartland with Polish mercenaries. On 25 August 1620, the Diet of Besztercebánya elected Bethlen Gábor King of Hungary as vassal of the Turks. He continued to fight after the defeat of the Czechs at White Mountain on 8 November 1620, but without real chance to achieve decisive victory, he decided to come to an agreement with Emperor Ferdinand II.
31 December 1621
Peace of Nikolsburg
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31 December 1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand II. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and later it was supplemented with the freedom of religion. Bethlen renounced the title of King of Hungary in exchange for seven counties of the Upper Tisza region (Szabolcs, Szatmár, Bereg, Ugocsa, Zemplén, Borsod, Abaúj) for the rest of his life, other estates in Hungary as his private property and the imperial title of Duke of Oppeln and Ratibor (Opole and Racibórz), one of the Duchies of Silesia. Prince Bethlen went to war against the Habsburgs in 1623 and 1626, but was unable to negotiate more favourable terms.
1644-1645
The campaign of Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
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1644-1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania allied with the Swedes and the French in the Thirty Years' War and went to war against the Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand III. On 18 July 1645 his army joined forces with Torstenson's Swedish army under Brno (Moravia). The excellent artillery of Transylvania opened fire on the city walls. However, Rákóczi had to give up the siege, having been informed that the Turks were planning a punitive campaign against Transylvania, because he went to war against the Sultan's prohibition.
16 December 1645
Peace of Linz
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16 December 1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand III. It secured the freedom of religion for the Protestants and extended it also to the serfs. Rákóczi received the same seven Hungarian counties that Prince Bethlen Gábor had also held (Abauj, Zemplén, Borsod, Bereg, Ugocsa, Szabolcs, Szatmár) until his death, and the counties of Szabolcs and Szatmár were also to be inherited by his sons. The Rákóczi family also received several new estates.
1649
The furriers and the potters established their guilds.
1683
Turkish defeat at Vienna and the formation of the Holy League
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1683
The combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Kingdom of Poland defeated the Turkish army besieging Vienna. Emperor Leopold I wanted to make peace with the Turks, but was refused by Sultan Mehmed IV. In 1684, at the persistent urging of Pope Innocent XI, the Holy League, an alliance of the Kingdom of Poland, the Habsburg Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Papal States, was formed to expel the Turks from Hungary. Thököly Imre, who had allied himself with the Turks, was gradually driven out of northern Hungary.
1686
Recapture of Buda and the liberation of Hungary from the Turks
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1686
The army of the Holy League recaptured Buda from the Turks by siege. In 1687, the Imperial army invaded the Principality of Transylvania. The liberation was hindered by the French breaking their promise of peace in 1688 and attacking the Habsburg Empire. By 1699, when the Peace of Karlóca was signed, all of Hungary and Croatia had been liberated from the Ottoman Empire with the exception of Temesköz, the area bounded by the Maros, the Tisza and the Danube rivers. It was not until the Peace of Požarevac in 1718 that Temesköz was liberated from the Turks. However, the continuous war against the Turkish invaders and the Habsburg autocracy, which lasted for more than 150 years, wiped out large areas of the Hungarian population, which had previously made up 80% of the country's population, and was replaced by Vlachs (Romanians), Serbs and other Slavic settlers and Germans. The Habsburgs also favoured the settlement of these foreign peoples over the 'rebellious' Hungarians.
1690
Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary again, with internal autonomy and freedom of religion
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1690
According to the Diploma Leopoldinum issued by Emperor Leopold I, Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary again and Hungarian law remained in force. The three nations (the Hungarians, the Székelys – who are also Hungarians –, and the Saxons) administered its internal affairs with autonomy and the freedom of religion was also preserved. The incorporation of Transylvania into the Habsburg Empire was prevented by the temporary election of Thököly Imre as Prince of Transylvania in 1690 with Turkish help.
1691
Transylvania became part of the Habsburg Empire, which set back economic development.
18-19th centuries
The houses surrounding the market square (now main square) were built. A narrow plot of land belonged to each house built by the craftsmen settling around the market square. The latter generations built their houses behind the house facing the square, without leaving any space between the houses. A narrow stip of land was left along the row of houses, which was used as a common courtyard, called ’udvartér’. These courtyards later became streets. Originally they were named after the families, later they were given numbers. 70 out of the 73 courtyards have been preserved by now, and they determine the character of the town so much, that it is called the 'town of the courtyards' (udvarterek városa).
1703-1711
Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
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1703-1711
After the expulsion of the Turks, the Habsburgs treated Hungary as a newly conquered province and did not respect its constitution. The serfs rose up against the Habsburg ruler because of the sufferings caused by the war and the heavy burdens, and they invited Rákóczi Ferenc II to lead them. Trusting in the help promised by King Louis XIV of France, he accepted. Rákóczi rallied the nobility to his side, and soon most of the country was under his control. The rebels were called the kurucs. In 1704, the French and the Bavarians were defeated at the Battle of Blenheim, depriving the Hungarians of their international allies. The Rusyn, Slovak and Vlach peasants and the Saxons of Szepes supported the fight for freedom, while the Serbs in the south and the Saxons in Transylvania served the Habsburgs. Due to lack of funds Rákóczi could not raise a strong regular army, and in 1710, Hungary was also hit by a severe plague. Rákóczi tried unsuccessfully to forge an alliance with Tsar Peter the Great of Russia. In his absence, without his knowledge, his commander-in-chief, Károlyi Sándor, accepted Emperor Joseph I's peace offer. The Peace of Szatmár formally restored the Hungarian constitution and religious freedom and granted amnesty, but did not ease the burden of serfdom. Rákóczi refused to accept the pardon and went into exile. He died in Rodosto, Turkey.
1763
Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the border guard. She set up three Székely and two Vlach border regiments. They started the forced conscription of the Székelys, who resisted in defence of their traditions and privileges. The imperial army led by Baron Siskovics József attacked Mádéfalva, where the Székely leaders had gathered, and massacred 200 Székelys, including women and children, with savage cannon fire on 7 January 1764. This event is known in history as the 'Madefalva Massacre' or 'Madefalva Calamity'.
1783
The Calvinist church was built on the site of the medieval church.
1809
The butcher’s guild was established.
1817-1823
The officer candidate school of the Székely border guard was built.
1834
A great fire devastated the settlement. The Calvinist church burned down and was rebuilt by 1838.
1841
The tailor’s guild was established.
1844
The guilds of the carpenters, the cauldron makers, the hatters, the smiths and the locksmiths were established.
1848-1849
Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
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1848-1849
Following the news of the Paris Revolution on 22 February 1848, the Hungarian liberal opposition led by Kossuth Lajos demanded the abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, a parliament elected by the people, and an independent and accountable national government. The revolution that broke out in Pest on 15 March expressed its demands in 12 points, which, in addition to the above mentioned, included the freedom of the press, equality before the law, the release of the political prisoners and the union with Transylvania. A Hungarian government was formed, Batthyány Lajos became prime minister, and on 11 April Emperor Ferdinand V ratified the reform laws. On August 31 the Emperor demanded the repeal of the laws threatening with military intervention. In September the Emperor unleashed the army of Jelacic, Ban of Croatia, on Hungary, but they were defeated by the Hungarians in the Battle of Pákozd on 29 September. An open war began for the independence of Hungary. The Habsburgs incited the nationalities against the Hungarians. The Rusyns, the Slovenes and most of the Slovaks and Germans supported the cause persistently, but the Vlachs (Romanians) and the Serbians turned against the Hungarians. The glorious Spring Campaign in 1849 led by General Görgei Artúr liberated almost all of Hungary. On 1 May 1849, Emperor Franz Joseph, effectively admitting defeat, asked for the help of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who sent an intervention army of 200,000 soldiers against Hungary. The resistance became hopeless against the overwhelming enemy forces and on 13 August Görgei Artúr surrendered to the Russians at Világos. Bloody reprisals followed, and on 6 October 1849, 12 generals and a colonel of the Hungarian Revolution, the martyrs of Arad, were executed in Arad. On the same day, Batthyány Lajos, the first Hungarian Prime Minister, was executed by firing squad in Pest. The Habsburgs introduced total authoritarianism in Hungary, but they also failed to fulfil their promises to the nationalities that had betrayed the Hungarians.
1848-49
The town was the centre of defence of the Székelys of Háromszék during the Hungarian War of Independence. Gábor Áron and his companions cast their cannons in the town from church bells. His statue was erected in the town centre in 1971.
October 16-18, 1848
The Székelys stood for the reunion of Transylvania with Hungary at the Székely National Assembly in Agyagfalva. Székelys were the strongest supporters of the Hungarian War of Independence in Transylvania.
1851
Two veterans of the Hungarian War of Independence, Makk József and Gál Sándor, started a conspiracy against Habsburg oppression on behalf of Kossuth Lajos, who was in exile. Their main base was in Székelyföld. They could not mobilize large masses due to the apathy that became widespread in Hungary. The conspiracy was revealed by an agent of the Habsburgs, who infiltrated into their ranks.
March 10, 1854
Three leaders of the Makk Conspiracy (Török János, Horváth Károly and Gálffy Mihály) were executed in Marosvásárhely. The Memorial to the Székely Martyrs was unveiled on the site of the execution on 27 June 1875. It is the artwork of the sculptor Aradi Zsigmond.
1867
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
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1867
The Habsburg Empire was weakened by the defeats it suffered in the implementation of Italian and German unity. The Hungarians wanted to return to the reform laws of 1848, but they did not have the strength to do so. Emperor Franz Joseph and the Hungarian opposition, led by Deák Ferenc, finally agreed to restructure the Empire and abolish absolutism. Hungary was given autonomy in its internal affairs, with its own government and parliament, which was essential for the development of its economy and culture. However, foreign and military affairs remained in the hands of the Habsburgs and served their aspiration for becoming a great power. The majority wanted Hungary's independence, but they were excluded from political power.
1872
Guilds were abolished and were replaced by industrial associations in Hungary. Kézdivásárhely did not become a significant industrial centre.
1876
With the abolition of medieval administrative structures, Székely seats were incorporated into the uniform county system. Háromszék County was created from three seats (Kézdi, Sepsi and Orbai). Háromszék literally means ’three seats’.
1907
The present day town hall was built, originally for the savings bank.
1914-1918
World War I
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1914-1918
As part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Hungary took part in the war on the side of the Central Powers.
1916
On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. The Romanians invaded most of Székelyland. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).
1918
On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compiègne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.
November 1918 - January 1919
The Czech, Romanian and Serbian occupation of Hungary
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November 1918 - January 1919
In Hungary, the freemasonic subversion brought the pro-Entente Károlyi Mihály to power. The new government, naively trusting the Entente powers, met all their demands and disbanded the Hungarian military, which rendered the country completely defenseless in the most dire need. Under French and Italian command, Czech, Romanian and Serbian troops invaded large parts of Hungary, where they immediately began the takeover. They fired Hungarian railway workers, officials and teachers, banned the use of the Hungarian language, abolished Hungarian education, and disposed of everything that reminded them of the country's Hungarian past. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were forced to leave their homeland, and the forcible assimilation of the remaining Hungarians was begun.
December, 1918
In Kolozsvár, on the initiative of retired Lieutenant General Lukács Béla, the Székely Division was created to defend against the Romanian troops invading Transylvania. It was the only well-equipped, combat-ready Hungarian military force to fight against the Romanian conquerors. At its peak it numbered about 12,000. In Hungary, the political power was usurped by the pro-Entente left-wing government of Károlyi Mihály, which let down the Székely Division and disbanded the Hungarian military. The communists, to whom Károlyi Mihály conceded the power, were also hostile towards the Székely Division. Later most of its soldiers took part in the North Campaign that temporarily liberated a significant part of northern Hungary from the Czech invaders.
from 1918
By 1922, 197,000 Hungarians were forced to leave the Romanian-occupied part of the country. By 1939 a further 169,000 Hungarians had left Transylvania, mostly aristocrats, intellectuals and a significant number of farmers. Most of them moved to Hungary. Before the Romanian invasion, 1,662,000 Hungarians lived in Transylvania, 32 percent of the population.
until 1920
The town belonged to the Kézdi District of Háromszék County. After the Trianon Dictate, the Romanians renamed the town to Tîrgu Secuiesc. Previously, Romanians called the town Chezdi-Oșorheiu, which was the Romanianized form of the Hungarian name.
4 June 1920
Trianon Dictate
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4 June 1920
Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon, although the country was not invited to the peace talks. Hungary lost two thirds of its territory that had belonged to it for more than 1000 years. One-third of the Hungarian population came under foreign rule. On the basis of the national principle, countries with a more mixed and less ethnically balanced composition than the former Hungary were created, such as Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). For example, while 48% of the population of the territory ceded to Czechoslovakia was Slovak and 30% Hungarian, 54% of the population of the former Hungary was Hungarian and 10.6% Slovak. And in the territory that is now part of Serbia, the Hungarians outnumbered the Serbs. The part of the territory allocated to Romania from Hungary was larger than the remaining territory of Hungary, despite the fact that there were 10 million Hungarians and less than 3 million Romanians in the former Hungary. While Hungary used to have the most liberal nationality policy in Europe, the successor states had no respect at all for the national and cultural rights of the indigenous Hungarians and engaged in forced assimilation. The Trianon Dictate destroyed the organic economic unity of the region. Before the First World War, Hungary had a dynamic economy, more advanced than Spain's. After 1920, the successor states formed the so-called "Little Entente", putting Hungary under an economic blockade and sabotaging it on the international stage.
after 1920
The Romanians violently restricted the use of the Hungarian language in Transylvania.
30 August 1940
Second Vienna Award
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30 August 1940
Under the Second Vienna Award, Hungary regained 43,492 km2 of Hungarian-majority territory from Romania (Northern Transylvania). In Southern Transylvania, a further 400,000 Hungarians remained under Romanian rule.
autumn, 1944
The Romanian paramilitary organization called Maniu Guard committed a series of murders and robberies among the Hungarian population of Transylvania under the guise of partisan actions. In September and October, they murdered 200 innocent civilians. The members of the Maniu Guard and the Romanian gendarmes interned thousands of Hungarians in death camps. From Maros-Torda County alone, 4000 Hungarians, including 450 children, were deported to Barcaföldvár (near Brassó) and other camps (e.g. Tagru Jiu) only from Maros-Torda County. Most of them perished there as a result of cruel treatment. The Barcaföldvár internment camp was shut down on 29 October 1945, at which time only 90 people were still alive.
November 12, 1944
Soviet General Vinogradov banned the Romanian authorities from Northern Transylvania because of the genocide committed by the Maniu Guard. The Romanian authorities were allowed to return after the formation of the Petru Groza government on 6 March 1945.
1947
Paris Dictate
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1947
The Paris Dictate, in accordance with Soviet interests, did not recognise the just territorial revisions made by the two Vienna decisions and handed the reclaimed Hungarian-majority territories back to Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia, where the Hungarians were subjected to severe atrocities, expulsions and deprivation of rights. It also seceded three more villages south of Pozsony from Hungary to Czechoslovakia.
September 21, 1952
Soviet pressure led to the creation of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which included most of Székelyland and was based in Marosvásárhely.
1960
The Hungarian Autonomous Province was mutilated by detaching Háromszék and renamed Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province.
1968
The Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province was completely abolished. 800,000 Romanians were settled in Transylvania from Moldavia, but many also came from Wallachia. The aim was to Romanianize the still majorly Hungarian towns and to break up the ethnic Hungarian blocks. In Székelyföld, Marosvásárhely was the most successfully Romanianized.
1980s
The Székely county centres were classified as closed towns where only Romanians were allowed to settle.
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Holy Trinity Former Minorite Church and Monastery
Originally:
church and monastery, school
Currently:
church
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Holy Trinity Former Minorite Church and Monastery
History

The formerly independent Kantafalva was founded in the early 17th century, its population was entirely Catholic, while in Kézdivásárhely there was a large Calvinist majority.

In 1696, Nagy Mózes built a school, a monastery and a church in Kantafalva. In 1680 Nagy Mózes invited Minorites to run the school and the church.

Construction of the neo-Baroque church began in 1701. The sanctuary of the church was built on the site of the old church, under which, among others, the ashes of the founder of the school, Nagy Mózes, are buried. In 1980, on the 300th anniversary of the founding of the school, the clergy of Háromszék placed a commemorative plaque on the north sanctuary wall.

The construction of the nave was started in 1779, completed in 1795 and consecrated in 1796 by Batthyány Ignác, Bishop of Transylvania. The 1802 earthquake damaged the tower, which was one of the tallest in Háromszék and had to be reduced to avoid any accidents, but it was rebuilt in 1823 by Mizó Illés. The foundation stone of the monastery was laid in 1722. The seminary, dormitory and school building, which adjoins the tower, was built with a donation of 4000 Hungarian forints from Bishop Haynald János. The west wing of the monastery was built in 1828. In 1949 the Minorites were expelled by the communists.

Blessed Eusebius of Esztergom Roman Catholic Parish Church
Parohia Romano-Catolică Boldog Ozseb
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Blessed Eusebius of Esztergom Roman Catholic Parish Church
History

The construction of the church began in 1986, during the time of Nagy Imre, the archdeacon-parish priest, and it was consecrated in 1987 by Bishop Jakab Antal.

Lutheran Church
Biserica Reformată
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Calvinist
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Lutheran Church
History

The church was built between 1770 and 1782 in Baroque style on the site of an earlier church dating from the early 17th century. It was once surrounded by a stone wall with two bastion-like towers. It burnt down in the great fire of 1834, which destroyed the priest's and cantor's apartments and the town and ecclesiastical archives, which were kept in the bastions. The rebuilding of the church was completed by 1838. Between 1846 and 1854 the tower was rebuilt under the supervision of the master builder Land András from Brassó. It was during this renovation that the lower two floors were given their neoclassical style features. The present stone pulpit was made in the early 19th century and donated to the church by Jancsó Mária in 1843. The pulpit canpoy was made in 1843 and the Lord's table in 1844. The organ was made in 1861.

Lutheran Church
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Lutheran
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Lutheran Church
History

Dormition of the Mother of God Orthodox Church
Biserica Adormire Maicii Domnului
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Orthodox
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Dormition of the Mother of God Orthodox Church
History

According to some sources, the present stone church was built between 1781 and 1783. Its predecessor was made of wood sometime around 1734. An old adobe house, which used to house a school, stands on the gate side of the courtyard. It was built in 1833.

St. John of Nepomuk Chapel
Originally:
chapel
Currently:
chapel
Church:
Roman Catholic
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St. John of Nepomuk Chapel
History

In 1740, on the banks of the Torja stream, at the bridge of Kanta, the Minorite Fathers built a small chapel in honour of St John of Nepomuk. This was demolished by the town authorities in 1974. In the year of the Millennium, the local faithful rebuilt the chapel of St. John of Nepomuk, which was consecrated by Archbishop Dr. Jakubinyi György of Gyulafehérvár on 5 May 2002.

Former Calvinist School, Calvinist Parish
Originally:
parish
Currently:
parish
Church:
Calvinist
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Former Calvinist School, Calvinist Parish
History

The two adjacent buildings on School Street, which could be mirror images of each other, are owned by the Reformed Church. The right side currently houses a kindergarten, the left side the Reformed parish.

As early as 1637, the Reformed Church had a school in Kézdivásárhely. After two thirds of the buildings in Kézdivásárhely were destroyed by fire in the great fire of 1834, including the school building, it was necessary to build a new school. The new building was completed by 1906.

Public buildings
Former Town Hall, Incze László Museum of Guild History
Kezdi1
Sebinou at fr.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 1.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
town hall
Currently:
museum
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Former Town Hall, Incze László Museum of Guild History
History

The former town hall was built in the mid-19th century in the neoclassical style. It has rich historical and ethnographic exhibitions.

The current museum of Kézdivásárhely was opened on 3 March 1972 as a branch of the Kovászna County Museum. The main exhibitions of the museum are dedicated to the handicraft history of Kézdivásárhely, the history of the town, including local relics of the 1848-49 Hungarian War of Independence. The museum is named after its founder, who was a teacher until the museum opened.

Former Officer Training School of the Székely Border Guard
Originally:
barracks, school
Currently:
abandoned
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Former Officer Training School of the Székely Border Guard
History

The officers' school of the Székely Border Guard was built between 1817 and 1823 in late neoclassical style.

On September 15, 1817, Emperor Franz I visited Kézdivásárhely with his wife. On the occasion of this visit, Baron Purczel, the military commander, put forward a plan to establish a military school. The Emperor was pleased with the proposal and promote Baron Purczel to colonel on the spot and authorised him to raise the necessary funds. Donations came from all over the country. The construction of the military school began on 1 May 1818, based on the plans of the engineer Doborházi. The construction lasted four years, and in September 1822 the Székely Military School was completed in the neoclassical style. The school opened on 4 October 1823 with 125 pupils, and officer training started in 1839. During the Hungarian War of Independence in 1848-49, many of the soldiers educated here fought to defeat the Austrian authoritarian regime. After Russian intervention put an end to the Hungarian War of Independence, the military academy was closed.

Former seat of the Bootmaker's Association, Doll Museum
Babamúzeum
Originally:
seat of an institution
Currently:
museum
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Former seat of the Bootmaker's Association, Doll Museum
History

In the second half of the 16th century, during the reign of Prince Báthory István of Transylvania, the first guild, the guild of the tanners, was founded in Kézdivásárhely. In 1638 the bootmakers' guild was founded by the privilege granted by Prince Rákóczy György I of Transylvania. This letter is kept in the town museum and can still be seen today. The building was built in the eclectic style at the beginning of the 19th century.

Former Hungarian Royal Court of Justice
Judecătoria Târgu Secuiesc
Originally:
court
Currently:
court
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Former Hungarian Royal Court of Justice
History

It was built in the mid-18th century in the neoclassical style.

Former Military Barracks, Calvinist High School
Originally:
barracks
Currently:
school
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Former Military Barracks, Calvinist High School
History

In 1994 the Reformed College of Kézdivásárhely was established.

Cultural facilities
Nagy Mózes High School
Nagy Mózes Elméleti Líceum, Liceul Teoretic Nagy Mózes
Originally:
school
Currently:
school
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Nagy Mózes High School
History

The formerly independent Kantafalva was founded in the early 17th century, its population was entirely Catholic, while in Kézdivásárhely there was a large Calvinist majority. The oldest educational institution in present day Kovászna County was founded in 1680 by Nagy Mózes in his village, Esztelnek. In 1696 the school moved to Kanta, near Kézdivásárhely, which later became part of the town. In 1696, Nagy Mózes built a school, a monastery and a church in Kantafalva. The land was donated by Jankó Péter and his wife Domokos Zsuzsanna, and was supplemented by the land donated by Apor István of Altorja. As early as 1680, Nagy Mózes wrote to the Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith (Congregatio de Propaganda Fide) and asked for and received Minorite Fathers to spread the faith. For centuries, this school educated scholars and patriots, regardless of denomination. In 1751, the school moved to a new, more spacious building. In 1899, the school in Kanta was transformed into the Catholic High School. The foundation stone of the new building was laid on 22 October 1905. In 1977, the school was converted into an industrial lyceum, and in January 1990 it was reorganised as a theoretical lyceum, taking the name of its founder.

Former Vigadó, House of Culture
Originally:
dancing / concert hall
Currently:
event center, theatre/opera, exhibition hall
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Former Vigadó, House of Culture
History

Built between 1902 and 1904 in the eclectic style. It was used for theatre performances.

Former Major's Quarters, Elisabeth Girl's Orphanage, Children's Home
Originally:
orphanage / children's shelter, museum, military headquarters / administration
Currently:
orphanage / children's shelter
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Former Major's Quarters, Elisabeth Girl's Orphanage, Children's Home
History

The house was built in the early 19th century in the neoclassical style. Baron Szentkereszty Stephanie of Zagon founded the Elizabeth Girls' Orphanage in 1872. Before 1873 the building was a major's quarters. In 1874 it took the name of Elisabeth. During the 1848-49 Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence, there was an ammunition factory on the site of the present children's home, with 52 workers producing 40-80 pounds of gunpowder a day for Gábor Áron's cannons. Dr. Ikafalvi Dénes Ödön (1874-1936), a lawyer, opened the town's first museum in the Orphanage in 1932, which operated until 1938.

Former Hungarian State Elementary School, Bod Péter Teacher Training Institution
Bod Péter Tanítóképző, Liceul Pedagogic Bod Péter
Originally:
school
Currently:
university / college
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Former Hungarian State Elementary School, Bod Péter Teacher Training Institution
History

The building was erected in 1896. By 1931, the school was already offering teacher training, and by 1965 690 Hungarian-speaking teachers and kindergarten teachers had qualified. From the school year 1953-54, the institution was gradually transformed into a theoretical lyceum. From 1973 onwards, the building housed a vocational secondary school. From the 1990-1991 academic year, the teacher training college was re-launched with a secondary school degree and a three-year course after school leaving exam. In 1991 the school took the name of Bod Péter. Under the current education legislation, it is not possible to run a teacher training department at the lyceum level. The building houses a branch of the Babeş-Bolyai University.

Former Casino, Szekler Restaurant
Székely Vendéglő
Originally:
casino, printing press
Currently:
restaurant / confectionery / café
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Former Casino, Szekler Restaurant
History

The organization of the casino in Kézdivásárhely was initiated by Pap István, a Reformed (Calvinist) pastor. On 25 December 1842, a general meeting was held at the town hall, where it was decided to establish the casino under the name of Kézdivásárhelyi Társalkodó. Its first president was Pap István, a Reformed pastor. The casino was the centre of the town’s intellectual life.

When in April 1848 it was decided in Alsócsernáton to set up the National Guard of Háromszék, it was organised by the Casino in Kézdivásárhely, and all its members joined the national guard. General Bem highly appreciated the heroism of the people of Kézdivásárhely, so he donated the printing press he had brought from Debrecen to the people of Kézdivásárhely. It was located in the building of the Casino, where the first newspaper of Háromszék, the Székely Hírmondó, was printed between 7 and 17 June 1849. In 1861, a library was opened, and the idea of setting up a town printing press and publishing a local newspaper was born.

The casino was also the cradle of the town's first museum. Dr. I. Dénes Ödön, a lawyer, editor-in-chief of the Székely Újság, who had already built up a valuable private collection in the years before the First World War, was elected president of the Casino in January 1921. On 27 December 1922 he presented his proposal for the establishment of the Museum of Kézdivásárhely. The following year, the occupying Romanian authorities banned the casino. It could reopen only in 1928.

Commerce, industry, hospitality
Hahn Jakab House, Désy House, Gingerbread House
Originally:
restaurant / confectionery / café
Currently:
hotel / tavern / guesthouse
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Hahn Jakab House, Désy House, Gingerbread House
History

The house was built in 1817. One of the few houses to survive the fire of 1834. The last owner was the master confectioner Hán Jakab. The house is also known as the gingerbread house, because it was here that the most delicious gingerbread was made. Nowadays it is a restaurant and a guesthouse.

Former Savings Bank, Town Hall
Primăria
RO CV Tg Secuiesc city hall
Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
bank
Currently:
town hall
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Former Savings Bank, Town Hall
History

The building was built in 1907 for the Savings Bank in Art Nouveau style.

Former Savings Bank
Targu Secuiesc Centrul istoric (6)
Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
bank
Currently:
public administration
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Former Savings Bank
History

It was built in 1872 in the eclectic style.

Former Brewery of Török Samu
Originally:
factory
Currently:
n/a
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Former Brewery of Török Samu
History

The building was built in 1862 for Török Samu's brewery. Later the leather worker Kalit Kálmán bought it, and in the 1880s and 1890s he set up a workshop in the former factory, and finally sold it to an entrepreneur from Csík, Erdélyi Mihály.

Town infrastructure
Town of Courtyards
Originally:
public area
Currently:
public area
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Town of Courtyards
History

There are more than 70 courtyards around the main square.

Private buildings
Finta House, Pharmacy Museum
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
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Finta House, Pharmacy Museum
History

The house was completely rebuilt in the 1970s, but has retained much of its former character.

House of Dobál Lajos
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
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House of Dobál Lajos
History

The house was built in 1903 for Dobál Lajos, the wrought iron balustrade of the balcony bears the initials of its builder.

Nagy Jáfet House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
Visit
Nagy Jáfet House
History

It was the house of retired Lieutenant-General Nagy Jáfet. It was built in 1829. During the 1848 Hungarian Revolution, the first two issues of the Székely Hírmondó were printed in the cellar of this house. Lieutenant-General Nagy Jáfet was sentenced to eight years' imprisonment for his role in the Revolution of 48, from which he was eventually released due to his seriously deteriorating health. The Jáfet couple (Nagy Jáfet's wife Nagy Anna) left all their property to the Reformed Church of Kézdivásárhely for the benefit of the poor of the church, according to their will written on 30 June 1847.

Szőcs Mátyás House, Györgyjakab House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
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Szőcs Mátyás House, Györgyjakab House
History

A vernacular house built in 1836 in eclectic style for the Györgyjakab family. The house is now a medical practice.

Dakó House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
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Dakó House
History

Folk-style dwelling house.

Calvinist Apartment House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
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Calvinist Apartment House
History

The house was built in the Art Nouveau style between 1906 and 1907.

Kupán House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
Visit
Kupán House
History

The house of Armenian merchant Kupán József, built in 1899. It stands in the northern neighbourhood of the former Vigadó. Baroque, eclectic style, with the initials of the former owner on the gable.

Vörös House, Vörös Guest House
Vörös Vendégház
Targu Secuiesc Casa rosie
Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
house
Currently:
hotel / tavern / guesthouse, restaurant / confectionery / café
Visit
Vörös House, Vörös Guest House
History

One of the few houses to survive the fire of 1834. It was used as a restaurant and guesthouse. It was originally two separate one-storey buildings, but later they were joined together and a second floor was added. Before 1989 it was still blue.

House of the Wertán Brothers
Originally:
house, commercial building
Currently:
abandoned
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House of the Wertán Brothers
History

The house was built at the end of the 19th century, it once housed the shop of the Wertán brothers and K. Csiszár József.

Turóczi Mózes Memorial House
Originally:
house
Currently:
house
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Turóczi Mózes Memorial House
History

The cannon foundry of Turóczi Mózes was located south-west of the main square of Kézdivásárhely, between Petőfi Street and the small street named after him, behind his house, which still exists today. A total of 64 of Gábor Áron's 70 cannons were cast here between January and July 1849. The cannons served the purpose of the Hungarian War of Independence. Two memorial plaques on the Turóczi House commemorate the cannon foundry. His bust stands in front of his house.

Memorials
Statue of Gábor Áron with the cannon
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Statue of Gábor Áron with the cannon
History

During the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-1849, under the leadership of Major Gábor Áron, artillery officer, there was a significant production of war material in Kézdivásárhely. The majority of the cannons were cast in the workshop of local master coppersmith Turóczi Mózes, which was located behind the house at 9 Gábor Áron Square. On 2 July 1849, Gábor Áron was killed in the Battle of Kökös. The statue of Gábor Áron was made in 1942 by Oláh Sándor from Nagyvarjas. The statue was commissioned by the command of the Gábor Áron Royal Hungarian Artillery School of Nagyvárad. In June 1943, it was erected in the yard of the Royal Hungarian Gábor Áron Military Artillery School in Nagyvárad.

It was removed by the Romanian invaders after the war, kept in the museum for a long time, and on 8 September 1971 it was installed in the main square of Kézdivásárhely, where it is still on display.

Bust of Szentkereszty Stefánia
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of Szentkereszty Stefánia
History

Baron Szentkereszty Stefánia (1842-1906) was a descendant of the famous baronial family of Zágon in Székelyland. She was the founder of the Elizabeth Orphan Girls' Educational Institute in 1873 in Kézdivásárhely, established a shelter for abandoned old people, and later the town hospital was also opened thanks to her in 1884. She was also a painter, she painted many church altarpieces (e.g. Lemhény, Gelence), several of her works are kept in the Guild History Museum in Kézdivásárhely. Her bust was unveiled on 23 May 2014. It is the work of Vargha Mihály.

Bust of Kolonics István pipe organ builder
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of Kolonics István pipe organ builder
History

A bust was erected in the courtyard of the Reformed Church in memory of the great Transylvanian organ builder Kolonics István (1826-1892). One of his largest organs is in the church. The master, who was originally from Szabadka, worked in Kézdivásárhely for thirty years. He settled in the small Székely town in 1855. Twenty-nine of his organs are still in churches in Háromszék, all of them more or less in working order. He also made the organs of the Church of Csíksomlyó and the Cathedral of Gyulafehérvár, and he made a total of 199 excellent church organs in his workshop. His bust was unveiled on 16 November 2013. It is the work of Vargha Mihály.

Statue of Nagy Mózes
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Statue of Nagy Mózes
History

Nagy Mózes was a Catholic priest, born in 1630 in Esztelnek and died on 8 February 1709 in Zágon. He studied theology in Nagyszombat and Vienna. From 1674 he was parish priest of several villages in Felsőháromszék. He strongly opposed the spread of the Reformation, and it is thanks to this that a large part of Felsőháromszék remained Catholic. He first founded a school in 1680 in Esztelnek and then moved it to Kanta, which was then separate from Kézdivásárhely. Teaching began there in 1696. His statue was inaugurated on 15 May 2010 in front of the lyceum named after him, the successor of the school he founded, and it is the work of Vetró András.

Bust of Turóczi Mózes
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of Turóczi Mózes
History

Turóczi Mózes (1813-1896) was the assistant of the legendary Székely freedom fighter Gábor Áron. His foundry was located southwest of the main square of the town, between Petőfi Street and the small street named after him, behind his house that still exists today. A total of 64 of Gábor Áron's 70 cannons were cast here between January and July 1849. The cannons served the purpose of the Hungarian War of Independence. Two memorial plaques on the Turóczi House commemorate the cannon foundry. His bust was unveiled on 6 November 1993. It is the work of Vetró András.

Bust of Tuzson János
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of Tuzson János
History

Major Tuzson János took part in the fighting in southern Hungary in August 1848, and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in October and to first lieutenant in December. His corps drove the Russian and Austrian troops out of Brassó. He took part in the Battle of Kökös on 2 July 1849 (where Gábor Áron was killed), and on 5 July in the Battle of Eprestető near Sepsiszentgyörgy. On 1 August, he fought heroically at Nyergestető, holding off the overwhelming enemy forces for hours with his troops, but in the end they could not resist the Russian-Austrian forces outnumbering them at least ten times. Tuzson fled towards Udvarhely with the rest of his army and was finally captured at Zsibó on 24 August. He was conscripted into the Imperial Army as a private. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, he was promoted to the rank of major and in 1873 to Lieutenant-Colonel. He died in Sepsisentgyörgy in 1904. His bust was unveiled on 15 March 2010. It is the work of Vetró András.

Bust of Kossuth Lajos
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of Kossuth Lajos
History

Kossuth Lajos was the political leader of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-49. The bust was inaugurated on 22 July 2003. It is the work of Vetró András.

Bust of General Bem József
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Bust of General Bem József
History

The Polish General Bem József was the commander of the Hungarian forces in Transylvania during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-49. They managed to liberate most of Transylvania from the Austrian imperial oppressors, before the arrival of the Russian intervention army. The bust was inaugurated on 22 July 1999. It is the work of Vetró András.

Museums and Galleries
Former Town Hall, Incze László Museum of Guild History
Kezdi1
Sebinou at fr.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 1.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
town hall
Currently:
museum
Visit
Former Town Hall, Incze László Museum of Guild History
History

The former town hall was built in the mid-19th century in the neoclassical style. It has rich historical and ethnographic exhibitions.

The current museum of Kézdivásárhely was opened on 3 March 1972 as a branch of the Kovászna County Museum. The main exhibitions of the museum are dedicated to the handicraft history of Kézdivásárhely, the history of the town, including local relics of the 1848-49 Hungarian War of Independence. The museum is named after its founder, who was a teacher until the museum opened.

Finta House, Pharmacy Museum
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
Visit
Finta House, Pharmacy Museum
History

The house was completely rebuilt in the 1970s, but has retained much of its former character.

Former Vigadó, House of Culture
Originally:
dancing / concert hall
Currently:
event center, theatre/opera, exhibition hall
Visit
Former Vigadó, House of Culture
History

Built between 1902 and 1904 in the eclectic style. It was used for theatre performances.

Former seat of the Bootmaker's Association, Doll Museum
Babamúzeum
Originally:
seat of an institution
Currently:
museum
Visit
Former seat of the Bootmaker's Association, Doll Museum
History

In the second half of the 16th century, during the reign of Prince Báthory István of Transylvania, the first guild, the guild of the tanners, was founded in Kézdivásárhely. In 1638 the bootmakers' guild was founded by the privilege granted by Prince Rákóczy György I of Transylvania. This letter is kept in the town museum and can still be seen today. The building was built in the eclectic style at the beginning of the 19th century.

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The Sz\u00e9kelys had equal rights with the nobles, owned their own land, paid mostly no taxes, and in return were obliged to go to war one by one to defend Hungary from foreign invasions. The settlement developed around a market place in the centre of the Upper H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k basin, at the junction of roads coming in from five directions. It was originally named Torjav\u00e1s\u00e1ra after the nearby village of Torja and the stream of the same name. Its present name appeared in the middle of the 16th century, when it was already a major town. The town became an important handicraft centre in Sz\u00e9kelyland, and several guilds were established. During the 1848-1849 Hungarian War of Independence, it was the centre of defence for the Sz\u00e9kely people of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, and it was here that G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron cast his cannons, and his statue has stood in the main square since 1971. In 1849, it was united with Kanta, which was famous for its grammar school run by Minorite fathers. In 1876, when the public administration was modernised, the Sz\u00e9kely seats were abolished and then it became part of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County. From 1952 to 1960, it was part of the Hungarian autonomous region created under Soviet pressure, which was gradually abolished by the Romanians. In 1968 it became part of Kov\u00e1szna County. It is now the easternmost Hungarian-majority town in the Carpathian Basin.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@11th century|The Sz\u00e9kelys who now live in the area lived in the territory of the present day town of Sz\u00e1szk\u00e9zd. The K\u00e9zdi name refers to the area they came from. K\u00e9zdi was the name of the Sz\u00e9kely seat (an administrative unit) whose centre was in the town. It is still preserved in the town\u2019s name.@12th century|King G\u00e9za II of Hungary relocated the Sz\u00e9kelys living in the area of the present day town of Sz\u00e1szk\u00e9zd to this area. The king settled Saxons in their place, who founded Sz\u00e1szk\u00e9zd. The Sz\u00e9kelys were organized into special administrative units called seats (sz\u00e9k). They elected their leaders themselves, had equal rights with the nobles, owned their lands and were mostly exempt from taxation. In exchange for all these privileges, they were obliged to enlist as soldiers in the event of an external attack on Hungary.@#5|@#6|@1407|The settlement was mentioned for the first time as Torjawasara, which means Torja\u2019s fair in Hungarian. Torja was the name of the nearby stream and also of a village in the neighbourhood. The area probably belonged to this village, and the fairs were held here because it was situated in the centre of the Upper H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k Basin, in the junction of roads coming from five directions.@1427|King Sigismund of Hungary confirmed the settlement\u2019s right to hold fairs. It was called Torjav\u00e1s\u00e1ra.@1437|The union of the three nations (Unio Trium Nationum) was formed in K\u00e1polna (Union of K\u00e1polna). Sz\u00e9kelys were equal members of the union besides the Saxons and the Hungarian nobility. This union gained its true significance after 1570, when Transylvania became an independent principality due to the Turkish conquest of central Hungary. These three nations were represented in the Transylvanian Diet, and they elected the prince. Vlach migrants (mostly shepherds and peasants) were a small minority at the time and were excluded from the political power just like Hungarian peasants.@#8|@#9|@April, 1562|The Sz\u00e9kely assembly in Sz\u00e9kelyudvarhely organized the armed rebellion against King John II of Hungary in order to restore their privileges abolished by the king. The plan was that the Habsburg emperor would support their rebellion from outside. The captain of Hadad Castle, Sulyok Gy\u00f6rgy, defected to King Ferdinand I, so the Transylvanian army of King John II besieged the castle. An army of Germans and Hungarians, led by Balassa Menyh\u00e1rt, who had defected earlier, and Zay Ferenc, the captain of the Upper Hungary, set out to liberate the castle.@March 4, 1562|Balassa Menyh\u00e1rt and Zay Ferenc, Captain of Upper Hungary, defeated the Transylvanian army led by B\u00e1thory Istv\u00e1n, Captain of V\u00e1rad, in the Battle of Hadad. The Transylvanian defeat was caused by the fact that the vanguard led by N\u00e9methi Ferenc, against the orders of King John II, engaged the larger enemy army in battle prematurely. King John II was rescued by the armies of the pashas of Temesv\u00e1r and Buda, who attacked Balassa's army and pushed it back to Szatm\u00e1r, but Hadad remained in Ferdinand's hands.@June 20, 1562|The army of King John II defeated the Sz\u00e9kely rebels along the Ny\u00e1r\u00e1d River between Vaja and Kisg\u00f6rg\u00e9ny. The leaders were impaled by a decision of the Diet of Segesv\u00e1r.@1562|The name K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely appeared for the first time in the letter of King John II written after the suppression of the Sz\u00e9kely uprising. The king restricted the privileges of the Sz\u00e9kelys, which resulted in an unsuccessful uprising. The participants were turned into serfs.@1562|Three Sz\u00e9kely seats (Sepsi, Orbai and K\u00e9zdi) were united as H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k (Three Seats).@1567|K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely was already a significant town. It was the centre of K\u00e9zdi Seat.@#10|@1572|Prince B\u00e1thory Istv\u00e1n of Transylvania allowed the tanners and the shoemakers to establish the first guild of the town.@second half of the 16th century|The craftsmen of the town started to organize guilds. The town was one of the most significant centres of craftsmanship in Sz\u00e9kelyf\u00f6ld. The princes of Transylvania granted the charters of privileges necessary to establish guilds. K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely gained the nicknames 'the town of guilds' and 'the town of shoemakers'.@#12|@#13|@#14|@#15|@#16|@#17|@#18|@1649|The furriers and the potters established their guilds.@#23|@#25|@#26|@1691|Transylvania became part of the Habsburg Empire, which set back economic development.@18-19th centuries|The houses surrounding the market square (now main square) were built. A narrow plot of land belonged to each house built by the craftsmen settling around the market square. The latter generations built their houses behind the house facing the square, without leaving any space between the houses. A narrow stip of land was left along the row of houses, which was used as a common courtyard, called \u2019udvart\u00e9r\u2019. These courtyards later became streets. Originally they were named after the families, later they were given numbers. 70 out of the 73 courtyards have been preserved by now, and they determine the character of the town so much, that it is called the 'town of the courtyards' (udvarterek v\u00e1rosa).@#27|@1763|Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the border guard. She set up three Sz\u00e9kely and two Vlach border regiments. They started the forced conscription of the Sz\u00e9kelys, who resisted in defence of their traditions and privileges. The imperial army led by Baron Siskovics J\u00f3zsef attacked M\u00e1d\u00e9falva, where the Sz\u00e9kely leaders had gathered, and massacred 200 Sz\u00e9kelys, including women and children, with savage cannon fire on 7 January 1764. This event is known in history as the 'Madefalva Massacre' or 'Madefalva Calamity'.@1783|The Calvinist church was built on the site of the medieval church.@1809|The butcher\u2019s guild was established.@1817-1823|The officer candidate school of the Sz\u00e9kely border guard was built.@1834|A great fire devastated the settlement. The Calvinist church burned down and was rebuilt by 1838.@1841|The tailor\u2019s guild was established.@1844|The guilds of the carpenters, the cauldron makers, the hatters, the smiths and the locksmiths were established.@#28|@1848-49|The town was the centre of defence of the Sz\u00e9kelys of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k during the Hungarian War of Independence. G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron and his companions cast their cannons in the town from church bells. His statue was erected in the town centre in 1971.@October 16-18, 1848|The Sz\u00e9kelys stood for the reunion of Transylvania with Hungary at the Sz\u00e9kely National Assembly in Agyagfalva. Sz\u00e9kelys were the strongest supporters of the Hungarian War of Independence in Transylvania.@1851|Two veterans of the Hungarian War of Independence, Makk J\u00f3zsef and G\u00e1l S\u00e1ndor, started a conspiracy against Habsburg oppression on behalf of Kossuth Lajos, who was in exile. Their main base was in Sz\u00e9kelyf\u00f6ld. They could not mobilize large masses due to the apathy that became widespread in Hungary. The conspiracy was revealed by an agent of the Habsburgs, who infiltrated into their ranks.@March 10, 1854|Three leaders of the Makk Conspiracy (T\u00f6r\u00f6k J\u00e1nos, Horv\u00e1th K\u00e1roly and G\u00e1lffy Mih\u00e1ly) were executed in Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. The Memorial to the Sz\u00e9kely Martyrs was unveiled on the site of the execution on 27 June 1875. It is the artwork of the sculptor Aradi Zsigmond.@#30|@1872|Guilds were abolished and were replaced by industrial associations in Hungary. K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely did not become a significant industrial centre.@1876|With the abolition of medieval administrative structures, Sz\u00e9kely seats were incorporated into the uniform county system. H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County was created from three seats (K\u00e9zdi, Sepsi and Orbai). H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k literally means \u2019three seats\u2019.@1907|The present day town hall was built, originally for the savings bank.@#31|@1916|On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. The Romanians invaded most of Sz\u00e9kelyland. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).@1918|On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compi\u00e8gne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.@#32|@December, 1918|In Kolozsv\u00e1r, on the initiative of retired Lieutenant General Luk\u00e1cs B\u00e9la, the Sz\u00e9kely Division was created to defend against the Romanian troops invading Transylvania. It was the only well-equipped, combat-ready Hungarian military force to fight against the Romanian conquerors. At its peak it numbered about 12,000. In Hungary, the political power was usurped by the pro-Entente left-wing government of K\u00e1rolyi Mih\u00e1ly, which let down the Sz\u00e9kely Division and disbanded the Hungarian military. The communists, to whom K\u00e1rolyi Mih\u00e1ly conceded the power, were also hostile towards the Sz\u00e9kely Division. Later most of its soldiers took part in the North Campaign that temporarily liberated a significant part of northern Hungary from the Czech invaders.@from 1918|By 1922, 197,000 Hungarians were forced to leave the Romanian-occupied part of the country. By 1939 a further 169,000 Hungarians had left Transylvania, mostly aristocrats, intellectuals and a significant number of farmers. Most of them moved to Hungary. Before the Romanian invasion, 1,662,000 Hungarians lived in Transylvania, 32 percent of the population.@until 1920|The town belonged to the K\u00e9zdi District of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k County. After the Trianon Dictate, the Romanians renamed the town to T\u00eergu Secuiesc. Previously, Romanians called the town Chezdi-O\u0219orheiu, which was the Romanianized form of the Hungarian name.@#36|@after 1920|The Romanians violently restricted the use of the Hungarian language in Transylvania.@#39|@autumn, 1944|The Romanian paramilitary organization called Maniu Guard committed a series of murders and robberies among the Hungarian population of Transylvania under the guise of partisan actions. In September and October, they murdered 200 innocent civilians. The members of the Maniu Guard and the Romanian gendarmes interned thousands of Hungarians in death camps. From Maros-Torda County alone, 4000 Hungarians, including 450 children, were deported to Barcaf\u00f6ldv\u00e1r (near Brass\u00f3) and other camps (e.g. Tagru Jiu) only from Maros-Torda County. Most of them perished there as a result of cruel treatment. The Barcaf\u00f6ldv\u00e1r internment camp was shut down on 29 October 1945, at which time only 90 people were still alive.@November 12, 1944|Soviet General Vinogradov banned the Romanian authorities from Northern Transylvania because of the genocide committed by the Maniu Guard. The Romanian authorities were allowed to return after the formation of the Petru Groza government on 6 March 1945.@#43|@September 21, 1952|Soviet pressure led to the creation of the Hungarian Autonomous Province, which included most of Sz\u00e9kelyland and was based in Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely.@1960|The Hungarian Autonomous Province was mutilated by detaching H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k and renamed Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province.@1968|The Maros-Hungarian Autonomous Province was completely abolished. 800,000 Romanians were settled in Transylvania from Moldavia, but many also came from Wallachia. The aim was to Romanianize the still majorly Hungarian towns and to break up the ethnic Hungarian blocks. In Sz\u00e9kelyf\u00f6ld, Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely was the most successfully Romanianized.@1980s|The Sz\u00e9kely county centres were classified as closed towns where only Romanians were allowed to settle.@2002|7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.&kezdi.ro: K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhelyr\u0151l|https:\/\/www.kezdi.ro\/kezdivasarhelyrol\/\nkonfliktuskutato.hu: Erd\u00e9ly, 1944 \u0151sze: rom\u00e1n atrocit\u00e1sok a magyarok ellen|http:\/\/konfliktuskutato.hu\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=319:erdely-1944-sze-roman-atrocitasok-a-magyarok-ellen&catid=39:dka-hatter&Itemid=203"},"sights":[{"sightId":2109,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Kantafalva, Strada Kanta","mapdata":"1|1165|787","gps_lat":"46.0058209107","gps_long":"26.1384156404","religion":1,"oldtype":"9,74","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kantai-barokk-muemlekegyuttes\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Templom-es-volt-minorita-kolostor-Kezdivasarhely--1578","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_46_Minorita_templom.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 46 Minorita templom\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3c\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_46_Minorita_templom.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_46_Minorita_templom.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_46_Minorita_templom.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Holy Trinity Former Minorite Church and Monastery","seolink":"holy-trinity-former-minorite-church-and-monastery","note":"","history":"The formerly independent Kantafalva was founded in the early 17th century, its population was entirely Catholic, while in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely there was a large Calvinist majority.@\nIn 1696, Nagy M\u00f3zes built a school, a monastery and a church in Kantafalva. In 1680 Nagy M\u00f3zes invited Minorites to run the school and the church.@\nConstruction of the neo-Baroque church began in 1701. The sanctuary of the church was built on the site of the old church, under which, among others, the ashes of the founder of the school, Nagy M\u00f3zes, are buried. In 1980, on the 300th anniversary of the founding of the school, the clergy of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k placed a commemorative plaque on the north sanctuary wall.@\nThe construction of the nave was started in 1779, completed in 1795 and consecrated in 1796 by Batthy\u00e1ny Ign\u00e1c, Bishop of Transylvania. The 1802 earthquake damaged the tower, which was one of the tallest in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k and had to be reduced to avoid any accidents, but it was rebuilt in 1823 by Miz\u00f3 Ill\u00e9s. The foundation stone of the monastery was laid in 1722. The seminary, dormitory and school building, which adjoins the tower, was built with a donation of 4000 Hungarian forints from Bishop Haynald J\u00e1nos. The west wing of the monastery was built in 1828. In 1949 the Minorites were expelled by the communists.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Kantai barokk m\u0171eml\u00e9kegy\u00fcttes|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kantai-barokk-muemlekegyuttes\/"},{"sightId":2110,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Kantafalva, Strada Kanta","mapdata":"1|1200|629","gps_lat":"46.0067439476","gps_long":"26.1387119321","religion":1,"oldtype":"2","newtype":"2","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kantai-barokk-muemlekegyuttes\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_48_Kantai_k%C3%A1polna.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 48 Kantai k\u00e1polna\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/cd\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_48_Kantai_k%C3%A1polna.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_48_Kantai_k%C3%A1polna.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_48_Kantai_k%C3%A1polna.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"St. John of Nepomuk Chapel","seolink":"st-john-of-nepomuk-chapel","note":"","history":"In 1740, on the banks of the Torja stream, at the bridge of Kanta, the Minorite Fathers built a small chapel in honour of St John of Nepomuk. This was demolished by the town authorities in 1974. In the year of the Millennium, the local faithful rebuilt the chapel of St. John of Nepomuk, which was consecrated by Archbishop Dr. Jakubinyi Gy\u00f6rgy of Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r on 5 May 2002.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Kantai barokk m\u0171eml\u00e9kegy\u00fcttes|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kantai-barokk-muemlekegyuttes\/"},{"sightId":2111,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Reformat\u0103","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron nr. 2","mapdata":"1|997|1604","gps_lat":"46.0009103026","gps_long":"26.1368061528","religion":2,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/reformatus-templom\/\nhttps:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/reformatus-templom\/\nhttp:\/\/kezdiref.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Reformatus-templom-Kezdivasarhely--1084","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=192","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_15_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templommal.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 15 F\u0151t\u00e9r a reform\u00e1tus templommal\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5e\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_15_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templommal.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_15_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templommal.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_15_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templommal.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Lutheran Church","seolink":"lutheran-church","note":"","history":"The church was built between 1770 and 1782 in Baroque style on the site of an earlier church dating from the early 17th century. It was once surrounded by a stone wall with two bastion-like towers. It burnt down in the great fire of 1834, which destroyed the priest's and cantor's apartments and the town and ecclesiastical archives, which were kept in the bastions. The rebuilding of the church was completed by 1838. Between 1846 and 1854 the tower was rebuilt under the supervision of the master builder Land Andr\u00e1s from Brass\u00f3. It was during this renovation that the lower two floors were given their neoclassical style features. The present stone pulpit was made in the early 19th century and donated to the church by Jancs\u00f3 M\u00e1ria in 1843. The pulpit canpoy was made in 1843 and the Lord's table in 1844. The organ was made in 1861.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Reform\u00e1tus templom|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/reformatus-templom\/"},{"sightId":2112,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy 10","mapdata":"1|263|2109","gps_lat":"45.9979387246","gps_long":"26.1306967156","religion":3,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Lutheran Church","seolink":"lutheran-church","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2113,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Parohia Romano-Catolic\u0103 Boldog Ozseb","address":"Strada D\u00f3zsa Gy\u00f6rgy 3","mapdata":"1|411|1933","gps_lat":"45.9989749451","gps_long":"26.1318657762","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"http:\/\/boldogozseb.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Blessed Eusebius of Esztergom Roman Catholic Parish Church","seolink":"blessed-eusebius-of-esztergom-roman-catholic-parish-church","note":"","history":"The construction of the church began in 1986, during the time of Nagy Imre, the archdeacon-parish priest, and it was consecrated in 1987 by Bishop Jakab Antal."},{"sightId":2114,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Adormire Maicii Domnului","address":"Kantafalva","mapdata":"1|1281|951","gps_lat":"46.0048954180","gps_long":"26.1393956712","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/ortodox-templom\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Dormition of the Mother of God Orthodox Church","seolink":"dormition-of-the-mother-of-god-orthodox-church","note":"","history":"According to some sources, the present stone church was built between 1781 and 1783. Its predecessor was made of wood sometime around 1734. An old adobe house, which used to house a school, stands on the gate side of the courtyard. It was built in 1833."},{"sightId":2115,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"Nagy M\u00f3zes Elm\u00e9leti L\u00edceum, Liceul Teoretic Nagy M\u00f3zes","address":"Kantafalva, Strada Kanta 23","mapdata":"1|1127|653","gps_lat":"46.0065939564","gps_long":"26.1381367575","religion":1,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kezdi.ro\/nagy-mozes-elmeleti-liceum\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022FOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Bot\u00e1r Ang\u00e9la, CC BY-SA 3.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_1940,_Nagy_M%C3%B3zes_Elm%C3%A9leti_L%C3%ADceum_(R%C3%B3mai_Katolikus_F%C5%91gimn%C3%A1zium)._Fortepan_57861.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 1940, Nagy M\u00f3zes Elm\u00e9leti L\u00edceum (R\u00f3mai Katolikus F\u0151gimn\u00e1zium). Fortepan 57861\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/77\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_1940%2C_Nagy_M%C3%B3zes_Elm%C3%A9leti_L%C3%ADceum_%28R%C3%B3mai_Katolikus_F%C5%91gimn%C3%A1zium%29._Fortepan_57861.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_1940%2C_Nagy_M%C3%B3zes_Elm%C3%A9leti_L%C3%ADceum_%28R%C3%B3mai_Katolikus_F%C5%91gimn%C3%A1zium%29._Fortepan_57861.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_1940,_Nagy_M%C3%B3zes_Elm%C3%A9leti_L%C3%ADceum_(R%C3%B3mai_Katolikus_F%C5%91gimn%C3%A1zium)._Fortepan_57861.jpg\u0022\u003EFOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Bot\u00e1r Ang\u00e9la\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Nagy M\u00f3zes High School","seolink":"nagy-mozes-high-school","note":"","history":"The formerly independent Kantafalva was founded in the early 17th century, its population was entirely Catholic, while in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely there was a large Calvinist majority. The oldest educational institution in present day Kov\u00e1szna County was founded in 1680 by Nagy M\u00f3zes in his village, Esztelnek. In 1696 the school moved to Kanta, near K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, which later became part of the town. In 1696, Nagy M\u00f3zes built a school, a monastery and a church in Kantafalva. The land was donated by Jank\u00f3 P\u00e9ter and his wife Domokos Zsuzsanna, and was supplemented by the land donated by Apor Istv\u00e1n of Altorja. As early as 1680, Nagy M\u00f3zes wrote to the Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith (Congregatio de Propaganda Fide) and asked for and received Minorite Fathers to spread the faith. For centuries, this school educated scholars and patriots, regardless of denomination. In 1751, the school moved to a new, more spacious building. In 1899, the school in Kanta was transformed into the Catholic High School. The foundation stone of the new building was laid on 22 October 1905. In 1977, the school was converted into an industrial lyceum, and in January 1990 it was reorganised as a theoretical lyceum, taking the name of its founder.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Kantai barokk m\u0171eml\u00e9kegy\u00fcttes|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kantai-barokk-muemlekegyuttes\/"},{"sightId":2116,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada \u015ecolii 8, T\u00e2rgu Secuiesc 525400, Rom\u00e1nia","mapdata":"1|849|1580","gps_lat":"46.0011449431","gps_long":"26.1356535991","religion":2,"oldtype":"4","newtype":"4","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/reformatus-felekezeti-iskola-reformatus-parokia\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Calvinist School, Calvinist Parish","seolink":"former-calvinist-school-calvinist-parish","note":"","history":"The two adjacent buildings on School Street, which could be mirror images of each other, are owned by the Reformed Church. The right side currently houses a kindergarten, the left side the Reformed parish.@\nAs early as 1637, the Reformed Church had a school in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. After two thirds of the buildings in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely were destroyed by fire in the great fire of 1834, including the school building, it was necessary to build a new school. The new building was completed by 1906.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Reform\u00e1tus felekezeti iskola, Reform\u00e1tus par\u00f3kia|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/reformatus-felekezeti-iskola-reformatus-parokia\/"},{"sightId":2117,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Bod P\u00e9ter Tan\u00edt\u00f3k\u00e9pz\u0151, Liceul Pedagogic Bod P\u00e9ter","address":"Strada Ady Endre 20","mapdata":"1|480|1305","gps_lat":"46.0027500654","gps_long":"26.1324499338","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"75","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kezdi.ro\/bod-peter-tanitokepzo\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian State Elementary School, Bod P\u00e9ter Teacher Training Institution","seolink":"former-hungarian-state-elementary-school-bod-peter-teacher-training-institution","note":"","history":"The building was erected in 1896. By 1931, the school was already offering teacher training, and by 1965 690 Hungarian-speaking teachers and kindergarten teachers had qualified. From the school year 1953-54, the institution was gradually transformed into a theoretical lyceum. From 1973 onwards, the building housed a vocational secondary school. From the 1990-1991 academic year, the teacher training college was re-launched with a secondary school degree and a three-year course after school leaving exam. In 1991 the school took the name of Bod P\u00e9ter. Under the current education legislation, it is not possible to run a teacher training department at the lyceum level. The building houses a branch of the Babe\u015f-Bolyai University.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: \u00c1llami elemi iskola|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/allami-elemi-iskola\/"},{"sightId":2118,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Ady Endre 13","mapdata":"1|416|1406","gps_lat":"46.0020690799","gps_long":"26.1319790057","religion":0,"oldtype":"86,98,20","newtype":"86","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Major's Quarters, Elisabeth Girl's Orphanage, Children's Home","seolink":"former-majors-quarters-elisabeth-girls-orphanage-childrens-home","note":"","history":"The house was built in the early 19th century in the neoclassical style. Baron Szentkereszty Stephanie of Zagon founded the Elizabeth Girls' Orphanage in 1872. Before 1873 the building was a major's quarters. In 1874 it took the name of Elisabeth. During the 1848-49 Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence, there was an ammunition factory on the site of the present children's home, with 52 workers producing 40-80 pounds of gunpowder a day for G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron's cannons. Dr. Ikafalvi D\u00e9nes \u00d6d\u00f6n (1874-1936), a lawyer, opened the town's first museum in the Orphanage in 1932, which operated until 1938.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Gyermekotthon|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/gyermekotthon\/"},{"sightId":2119,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"","mapdata":"1|1120|1423","gps_lat":"46.0016818307","gps_long":"26.1378205732","religion":0,"oldtype":"29","newtype":"29","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Town of Courtyards","seolink":"town-of-courtyards","note":"","history":"There are more than 70 courtyards around the main square."},{"sightId":2120,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"10. udvart\u00e9r 1. sz\u00e1m","mapdata":"1|1175|1434","gps_lat":"46.0020720653","gps_long":"26.1384951611","religion":0,"oldtype":"12","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.sznm.ro\/sznm.php?o=kezdivasarhely","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Sebinou at fr.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 1.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/1.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kezdi1.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Kezdi1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f4\/Kezdi1.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kezdi1.JPG\u0022\u003ESebinou at fr.wikipedia\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/1.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 1.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Town Hall, Incze L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Museum of Guild History","seolink":"former-town-hall-incze-laszlo-museum-of-guild-history","note":"","history":"The former town hall was built in the mid-19th century in the neoclassical style. It has rich historical and ethnographic exhibitions.@\nThe current museum of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely was opened on 3 March 1972 as a branch of the Kov\u00e1szna County Museum. The main exhibitions of the museum are dedicated to the handicraft history of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, the history of the town, including local relics of the 1848-49 Hungarian War of Independence. The museum is named after its founder, who was a teacher until the museum opened.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Incze L\u00e1szl\u00f3 C\u00e9ht\u00f6rt\u00e9neti m\u00fazeum|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/incze-laszlo-cehtorteneti-muzeum\/"},{"sightId":2121,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Prim\u0103ria","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron 24","mapdata":"1|1103|1342","gps_lat":"46.0025271815","gps_long":"26.1378257972","religion":0,"oldtype":"84","newtype":"12","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kezdi.ro\/kezdi\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Tg_Secuiesc_city_hall.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022RO CV Tg Secuiesc city hall\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/81\/RO_CV_Tg_Secuiesc_city_hall.JPG\/256px-RO_CV_Tg_Secuiesc_city_hall.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_CV_Tg_Secuiesc_city_hall.JPG\u0022\u003EAndrei Stroe\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Savings Bank, Town Hall","seolink":"former-savings-bank-town-hall","note":"","history":"The building was built in 1907 for the Savings Bank in Art Nouveau style."},{"sightId":2122,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron 12","mapdata":"1|931|1629","gps_lat":"46.0007847657","gps_long":"26.1364025536","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Calvinist Apartment House","seolink":"calvinist-apartment-house","note":"","history":"The house was built in the Art Nouveau style between 1906 and 1907."},{"sightId":2123,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"Curtea 30 1-4","mapdata":"1|1132|1857","gps_lat":"45.9994906639","gps_long":"26.1380689761","religion":0,"oldtype":"21,74","newtype":"121","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/szekely-katonanevelde\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_37_Sz%C3%A9kely_Katonanevelde.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 37 Sz\u00e9kely Katonanevelde\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5a\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_37_Sz%C3%A9kely_Katonanevelde.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_37_Sz%C3%A9kely_Katonanevelde.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_37_Sz%C3%A9kely_Katonanevelde.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Officer Training School of the Sz\u00e9kely Border Guard","seolink":"former-officer-training-school-of-the-szekely-border-guard","note":"","history":"The officers' school of the Sz\u00e9kely Border Guard was built between 1817 and 1823 in late neoclassical style.@\nOn September 15, 1817, Emperor Franz I visited K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely with his wife. On the occasion of this visit, Baron Purczel, the military commander, put forward a plan to establish a military school. The Emperor was pleased with the proposal and promote Baron Purczel to colonel on the spot and authorised him to raise the necessary funds. Donations came from all over the country. The construction of the military school began on 1 May 1818, based on the plans of the engineer Doborh\u00e1zi. The construction lasted four years, and in September 1822 the Sz\u00e9kely Military School was completed in the neoclassical style. The school opened on 4 October 1823 with 125 pupils, and officer training started in 1839. During the Hungarian War of Independence in 1848-49, many of the soldiers educated here fought to defeat the Austrian authoritarian regime. After Russian intervention put an end to the Hungarian War of Independence, the military academy was closed.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Sz\u00e9kely katonanevelde|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/szekely-katonanevelde\/"},{"sightId":2124,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron t\u00e9r 21.","mapdata":"1|1057|1389","gps_lat":"46.0022826990","gps_long":"26.1374152354","religion":0,"oldtype":"92","newtype":"106,91,105","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/vigado\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_11_Vigad%C3%B3.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 11 Vigad\u00f3\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c0\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_11_Vigad%C3%B3.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_11_Vigad%C3%B3.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_11_Vigad%C3%B3.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Vigad\u00f3, House of Culture","seolink":"former-vigado-house-of-culture","note":"","history":"Built between 1902 and 1904 in the eclectic style. It was used for theatre performances."},{"sightId":2125,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Sz\u00e9kely Vend\u00e9gl\u0151","address":"Strada Pet\u0151fi S\u00e1ndor","mapdata":"1|791|1646","gps_lat":"46.0006968068","gps_long":"26.1351641959","religion":0,"oldtype":"93,114","newtype":"81","homepage":"https:\/\/idolrestaurant.ro\/index.php\/hu\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Casino, Szekler Restaurant","seolink":"former-casino-szekler-restaurant","note":"","history":"The organization of the casino in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely was initiated by Pap Istv\u00e1n, a Reformed (Calvinist) pastor. On 25 December 1842, a general meeting was held at the town hall, where it was decided to establish the casino under the name of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhelyi T\u00e1rsalkod\u00f3. Its first president was Pap Istv\u00e1n, a Reformed pastor. The casino was the centre of the town\u2019s intellectual life.@\nWhen in April 1848 it was decided in Als\u00f3csern\u00e1ton to set up the National Guard of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, it was organised by the Casino in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, and all its members joined the national guard. General Bem highly appreciated the heroism of the people of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, so he donated the printing press he had brought from Debrecen to the people of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. It was located in the building of the Casino, where the first newspaper of H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, the Sz\u00e9kely H\u00edrmond\u00f3, was printed between 7 and 17 June 1849. In 1861, a library was opened, and the idea of setting up a town printing press and publishing a local newspaper was born.@\nThe casino was also the cradle of the town's first museum. Dr. I. D\u00e9nes \u00d6d\u00f6n, a lawyer, editor-in-chief of the Sz\u00e9kely \u00dajs\u00e1g, who had already built up a valuable private collection in the years before the First World War, was elected president of the Casino in January 1921. On 27 December 1922 he presented his proposal for the establishment of the Museum of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. The following year, the occupying Romanian authorities banned the casino. It could reopen only in 1928.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Kaszin\u00f3, k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r, nyomda|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/kaszino-konyvtar-nyomda\/"},{"sightId":2126,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Judec\u0103toria T\u00e2rgu Secuiesc","address":"Strada Ady Endre 5","mapdata":"1|340|1791","gps_lat":"45.9998511827","gps_long":"26.1314060137","religion":0,"oldtype":"17","newtype":"17","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/torvenyszek\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian Royal Court of Justice","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-court-of-justice","note":"","history":"It was built in the mid-18th century in the neoclassical style."},{"sightId":2127,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|646|1607","gps_lat":"46.0009144697","gps_long":"26.1339395106","religion":0,"oldtype":"84","newtype":"15","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/takarekpenztar-es-gozfurdo\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Targu_Secuiesc_Centrul_istoric_(6).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Targu Secuiesc Centrul istoric (6)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6a\/Targu_Secuiesc_Centrul_istoric_%286%29.jpg\/512px-Targu_Secuiesc_Centrul_istoric_%286%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Targu_Secuiesc_Centrul_istoric_(6).jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei kokelburg\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Savings Bank","seolink":"former-savings-bank","note":"","history":"It was built in 1872 in the eclectic style."},{"sightId":2128,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"Babam\u00fazeum","address":"Strada Independen\u0163ei 4","mapdata":"1|1035|1711","gps_lat":"46.0003431171","gps_long":"26.1372842046","religion":0,"oldtype":"16","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.babamuzeum.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former seat of the Bootmaker's Association, Doll Museum","seolink":"former-seat-of-the-bootmakers-association-doll-museum","note":"","history":"In the second half of the 16th century, during the reign of Prince B\u00e1thory Istv\u00e1n of Transylvania, the first guild, the guild of the tanners, was founded in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. In 1638 the bootmakers' guild was founded by the privilege granted by Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czy Gy\u00f6rgy I of Transylvania. This letter is kept in the town museum and can still be seen today. The building was built in the eclectic style at the beginning of the 19th century.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: A csizmadia ipart\u00e1rsulat sz\u00e9kh\u00e1za|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/a-csizmadia-ipartarsulat-szekhaza\/"},{"sightId":2129,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Ady Endre 9","mapdata":"1|375|1643","gps_lat":"46.0007213618","gps_long":"26.1315956761","religion":0,"oldtype":"21","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/oktatas.reformatus.hu\/index.php?ax=view&id=21","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Military Barracks, Calvinist High School","seolink":"former-military-barracks-calvinist-high-school","note":"","history":"In 1994 the Reformed College of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely was established."},{"sightId":2130,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada V\u00e1s\u00e1rhelyi P\u00e9ter 3","mapdata":"1|1261|1056","gps_lat":"46.0041825320","gps_long":"26.1392449023","religion":0,"oldtype":"111","newtype":"120","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/torok-sorgyara\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Brewery of T\u00f6r\u00f6k Samu","seolink":"former-brewery-of-torok-samu","note":"","history":"The building was built in 1862 for T\u00f6r\u00f6k Samu's brewery. Later the leather worker Kalit K\u00e1lm\u00e1n bought it, and in the 1880s and 1890s he set up a workshop in the former factory, and finally sold it to an entrepreneur from Cs\u00edk, Erd\u00e9lyi Mih\u00e1ly.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: T\u00f6r\u00f6k s\u00f6rgy\u00e1ra|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/torok-sorgyara\/"},{"sightId":2131,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada G\u0103rii 24","mapdata":"1|1073|2361","gps_lat":"45.9964969544","gps_long":"26.1376182780","religion":0,"oldtype":"53,83","newtype":"121","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/wertan-haz\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"House of the Wert\u00e1n Brothers","seolink":"house-of-the-wertan-brothers","note":"","history":"The house was built at the end of the 19th century, it once housed the shop of the Wert\u00e1n brothers and K. Csisz\u00e1r J\u00f3zsef."},{"sightId":2132,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"12-es udvart\u00e9r 1. sz\u00e1m","mapdata":"1|1166|1453","gps_lat":"46.0018701418","gps_long":"26.1384120471","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"98","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_09_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_keleti_oldala.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 09 F\u0151t\u00e9r keleti oldala\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d5\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_09_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_keleti_oldala.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_09_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_keleti_oldala.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_09_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_keleti_oldala.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Finta House, Pharmacy Museum","seolink":"finta-house-pharmacy-museum","note":"","history":"The house was completely rebuilt in the 1970s, but has retained much of its former character."},{"sightId":2133,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Apafi Mih\u00e1ly 1","mapdata":"1|1190|1328","gps_lat":"46.0025628324","gps_long":"26.1386252551","religion":0,"oldtype":"81","newtype":"80","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/han-jakab-fahaz\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_41_Hahn_Jakab-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 41 Hahn Jakab-h\u00e1z\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/29\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_41_Hahn_Jakab-h%C3%A1z.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_41_Hahn_Jakab-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_41_Hahn_Jakab-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Hahn Jakab House, D\u00e9sy House, Gingerbread House","seolink":"hahn-jakab-house-desy-house-gingerbread-house","note":"","history":"The house was built in 1817. One of the few houses to survive the fire of 1834. The last owner was the master confectioner H\u00e1n Jakab. The house is also known as the gingerbread house, because it was here that the most delicious gingerbread was made. Nowadays it is a restaurant and a guesthouse.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: H\u00e1n Jakab fah\u00e1z|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/han-jakab-fahaz\/"},{"sightId":2134,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"V\u00f6r\u00f6s Vend\u00e9gh\u00e1z","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron 19","mapdata":"1|1056|1479","gps_lat":"46.0017371346","gps_long":"26.1374026318","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"80,81","homepage":"https:\/\/www.voros.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei kokelburg, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Targu_Secuiesc_Casa_rosie.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Targu Secuiesc Casa rosie\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f8\/Targu_Secuiesc_Casa_rosie.jpg\/512px-Targu_Secuiesc_Casa_rosie.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Targu_Secuiesc_Casa_rosie.jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei kokelburg\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"V\u00f6r\u00f6s House, V\u00f6r\u00f6s Guest House","seolink":"voros-house-voros-guest-house","note":"","history":"One of the few houses to survive the fire of 1834. It was used as a restaurant and guesthouse. It was originally two separate one-storey buildings, but later they were joined together and a second floor was added. Before 1989 it was still blue.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: V\u00f6r\u00f6s-h\u00e1z|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/voros-haz\/"},{"sightId":2135,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Sacsvay J\u00e1nos","mapdata":"1|867|1687","gps_lat":"46.0004677095","gps_long":"26.1357729459","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/149-2\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_35_Tur%C3%B3czi-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 35 Tur\u00f3czi-h\u00e1z\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a3\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_35_Tur%C3%B3czi-h%C3%A1z.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_35_Tur%C3%B3czi-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_35_Tur%C3%B3czi-h%C3%A1z.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Tur\u00f3czi M\u00f3zes Memorial House","seolink":"turoczi-mozes-memorial-house","note":"","history":"The cannon foundry of Tur\u00f3czi M\u00f3zes was located south-west of the main square of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, between Pet\u0151fi Street and the small street named after him, behind his house, which still exists today. A total of 64 of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron's 70 cannons were cast here between January and July 1849. The cannons served the purpose of the Hungarian War of Independence. Two memorial plaques on the Tur\u00f3czi House commemorate the cannon foundry. His bust stands in front of his house."},{"sightId":2136,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron","mapdata":"1|1056|1357","gps_lat":"46.0024370863","gps_long":"26.1374241365","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Kup\u00e1n House","seolink":"kupan-house","note":"","history":"The house of Armenian merchant Kup\u00e1n J\u00f3zsef, built in 1899. It stands in the northern neighbourhood of the former Vigad\u00f3. Baroque, eclectic style, with the initials of the former owner on the gable."},{"sightId":2137,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron t\u00e9r 15","mapdata":"1|1028|1526","gps_lat":"46.0014786741","gps_long":"26.1372532621","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"House of Dob\u00e1l Lajos","seolink":"house-of-dobal-lajos","note":"","history":"The house was built in 1903 for Dob\u00e1l Lajos, the wrought iron balustrade of the balcony bears the initials of its builder."},{"sightId":2138,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada \u015ecolii","mapdata":"1|814|1508","gps_lat":"46.0015565842","gps_long":"26.1353947608","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/dako-haz\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Dak\u00f3 House","seolink":"dako-house","note":"","history":"Folk-style dwelling house.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Dak\u00f3-h\u00e1z|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/dako-haz\/"},{"sightId":2139,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada G\u0103rii 16","mapdata":"1|1110|2189","gps_lat":"45.9974831776","gps_long":"26.1379330375","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Sz\u0151cs M\u00e1ty\u00e1s House, Gy\u00f6rgyjakab House","seolink":"szocs-matyas-house-gyorgyjakab-house","note":"","history":"A vernacular house built in 1836 in eclectic style for the Gy\u00f6rgyjakab family. The house is now a medical practice.\n&\nkezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com: Gy\u00f6rgyjakab-h\u00e1z|https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/gyorgyjakab-haz\/"},{"sightId":2140,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada G\u0103rii 21","mapdata":"1|1138|2132","gps_lat":"45.9978041375","gps_long":"26.1381178616","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"53","homepage":"https:\/\/kezdimuemlekepuletei.wordpress.com\/nagy-jafet-haz\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Nagy J\u00e1fet House","seolink":"nagy-jafet-house","note":"","history":"It was the house of retired Lieutenant-General Nagy J\u00e1fet. It was built in 1829. During the 1848 Hungarian Revolution, the first two issues of the Sz\u00e9kely H\u00edrmond\u00f3 were printed in the cellar of this house. Lieutenant-General Nagy J\u00e1fet was sentenced to eight years' imprisonment for his role in the Revolution of 48, from which he was eventually released due to his seriously deteriorating health. The J\u00e1fet couple (Nagy J\u00e1fet's wife Nagy Anna) left all their property to the Reformed Church of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely for the benefit of the poor of the church, according to their will written on 30 June 1847."},{"sightId":2141,"townId":80,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron","mapdata":"1|1107|1476","gps_lat":"46.0017547004","gps_long":"26.1378570221","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/233\/gabor-aron-szobra","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=346","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_03_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_G%C3%A1bor_%C3%81ron-szoborral.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 03 F\u0151t\u00e9r a G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron-szoborral\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/87\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_03_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_G%C3%A1bor_%C3%81ron-szoborral.jpg\/512px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_03_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_G%C3%A1bor_%C3%81ron-szoborral.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_03_F%C5%91t%C3%A9r_a_G%C3%A1bor_%C3%81ron-szoborral.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Statue of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron with the cannon","seolink":"statue-of-gabor-aron-with-the-cannon","note":"","history":"During the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-1849, under the leadership of Major G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron, artillery officer, there was a significant production of war material in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. The majority of the cannons were cast in the workshop of local master coppersmith Tur\u00f3czi M\u00f3zes, which was located behind the house at 9 G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron Square. On 2 July 1849, G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron was killed in the Battle of K\u00f6k\u00f6s.\nThe statue of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron was made in 1942 by Ol\u00e1h S\u00e1ndor from Nagyvarjas. The statue was commissioned by the command of the G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron Royal Hungarian Artillery School of Nagyv\u00e1rad. In June 1943, it was erected in the yard of the Royal Hungarian G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron Military Artillery School in Nagyv\u00e1rad.@\nIt was removed by the Romanian invaders after the war, kept in the museum for a long time, and on 8 September 1971 it was installed in the main square of K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, where it is still on display."},{"sightId":2142,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Pet\u0151fi S\u00e1ndor, Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|673|1681","gps_lat":"46.0005624909","gps_long":"26.1341750564","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/13748\/bem-jozsef-mellszobra#vetito=76609","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of General Bem J\u00f3zsef","seolink":"bust-of-general-bem-jozsef","note":"","history":"The Polish General Bem J\u00f3zsef was the commander of the Hungarian forces in Transylvania during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-49. They managed to liberate most of Transylvania from the Austrian imperial oppressors, before the arrival of the Russian intervention army. The bust was inaugurated on 22 July 1999. It is the work of Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s."},{"sightId":2143,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|447|1586","gps_lat":"46.0010950769","gps_long":"26.1321428371","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/13815\/kossuth-lajos-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Kossuth Lajos","seolink":"bust-of-kossuth-lajos","note":"","history":"Kossuth Lajos was the political leader of the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-49. The bust was inaugurated on 22 July 2003. It is the work of Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s. "},{"sightId":2144,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Pet\u0151fi S\u00e1ndor, Strada Kossuth Lajos","mapdata":"1|680|1659","gps_lat":"46.0006864866","gps_long":"26.1342102360","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/14102\/tuzson-janos-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Tuzson J\u00e1nos","seolink":"bust-of-tuzson-janos","note":"","history":"Major Tuzson J\u00e1nos took part in the fighting in southern Hungary in August 1848, and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in October and to first lieutenant in December. His corps drove the Russian and Austrian troops out of Brass\u00f3. He took part in the Battle of K\u00f6k\u00f6s on 2 July 1849 (where G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron was killed), and on 5 July in the Battle of Eprestet\u0151 near Sepsiszentgy\u00f6rgy. On 1 August, he fought heroically at Nyergestet\u0151, holding off the overwhelming enemy forces for hours with his troops, but in the end they could not resist the Russian-Austrian forces outnumbering them at least ten times. Tuzson fled towards Udvarhely with the rest of his army and was finally captured at Zsib\u00f3 on 24 August. He was conscripted into the Imperial Army as a private. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, he was promoted to the rank of major and in 1873 to Lieutenant-Colonel. He died in Sepsisentgy\u00f6rgy in 1904. His bust was unveiled on 15 March 2010. It is the work of Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s."},{"sightId":2145,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Pet\u0151fi S\u00e1ndor","mapdata":"1|849|1683","gps_lat":"46.0005393211","gps_long":"26.1357680632","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/13876\/turoczy-mozes-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_36_Tur%C3%B3czi-szobor.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 36 Tur\u00f3czi-szobor\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3b\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_36_Tur%C3%B3czi-szobor.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_36_Tur%C3%B3czi-szobor.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_36_Tur%C3%B3czi-szobor.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Bust of Tur\u00f3czi M\u00f3zes","seolink":"bust-of-turoczi-mozes","note":"","history":"Tur\u00f3czi M\u00f3zes (1813-1896) was the assistant of the legendary Sz\u00e9kely freedom fighter G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron. His foundry was located southwest of the main square of the town, between Pet\u0151fi Street and the small street named after him, behind his house that still exists today. A total of 64 of G\u00e1bor \u00c1ron's 70 cannons were cast here between January and July 1849. The cannons served the purpose of the Hungarian War of Independence. Two memorial plaques on the Tur\u00f3czi House commemorate the cannon foundry. His bust was unveiled on 6 November 1993. It is the work of Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s."},{"sightId":2146,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Kantafalva, Strada Kanta","mapdata":"1|1158|645","gps_lat":"46.0066740815","gps_long":"26.1383839438","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/13819\/nagy-mozes#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of Nagy M\u00f3zes","seolink":"statue-of-nagy-mozes","note":"","history":"Nagy M\u00f3zes was a Catholic priest, born in 1630 in Esztelnek and died on 8 February 1709 in Z\u00e1gon. He studied theology in Nagyszombat and Vienna. From 1674 he was parish priest of several villages in Fels\u0151h\u00e1romsz\u00e9k. He strongly opposed the spread of the Reformation, and it is thanks to this that a large part of Fels\u0151h\u00e1romsz\u00e9k remained Catholic. He first founded a school in 1680 in Esztelnek and then moved it to Kanta, which was then separate from K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. Teaching began there in 1696. His statue was inaugurated on 15 May 2010 in front of the lyceum named after him, the successor of the school he founded, and it is the work of Vetr\u00f3 Andr\u00e1s."},{"sightId":2147,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Pet\u0151fi S\u00e1ndor","mapdata":"1|963|1621","gps_lat":"46.0008811597","gps_long":"26.1366508797","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/31431\/kolonics-istvan-orgonaepito-mellszobra","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Pasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_19_Kolonics_Istv%C3%A1n-szobor_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templomn%C3%A1l.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely 2019 19 Kolonics Istv\u00e1n-szobor a reform\u00e1tus templomn\u00e1l\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_19_Kolonics_Istv%C3%A1n-szobor_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templomn%C3%A1l.jpg\/256px-K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_19_Kolonics_Istv%C3%A1n-szobor_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templomn%C3%A1l.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:K%C3%A9zdiv%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhely_2019_19_Kolonics_Istv%C3%A1n-szobor_a_reform%C3%A1tus_templomn%C3%A1l.jpg\u0022\u003EPasztilla aka Attila Terb\u00f3cs\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Bust of Kolonics Istv\u00e1n pipe organ builder","seolink":"bust-of-kolonics-istvan-pipe-organ-builder","note":"","history":"A bust was erected in the courtyard of the Reformed Church in memory of the great Transylvanian organ builder Kolonics Istv\u00e1n (1826-1892). One of his largest organs is in the church. The master, who was originally from Szabadka, worked in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely for thirty years. He settled in the small Sz\u00e9kely town in 1855. Twenty-nine of his organs are still in churches in H\u00e1romsz\u00e9k, all of them more or less in working order. He also made the organs of the Church of Cs\u00edksomly\u00f3 and the Cathedral of Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, and he made a total of 199 excellent church organs in his workshop. His bust was unveiled on 16 November 2013. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."},{"sightId":2148,"townId":80,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Turia","mapdata":"1|251|1353","gps_lat":"46.0024428153","gps_long":"26.1305538142","religion":0,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"https:\/\/www.kozterkep.hu\/38310\/szentkereszty-stefania-mellszobra#","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Bust of Szentkereszty Stef\u00e1nia","seolink":"bust-of-szentkereszty-stefania","note":"","history":"Baron Szentkereszty Stef\u00e1nia (1842-1906) was a descendant of the famous baronial family of Z\u00e1gon in Sz\u00e9kelyland. She was the founder of the Elizabeth Orphan Girls' Educational Institute in 1873 in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely, established a shelter for abandoned old people, and later the town hospital was also opened thanks to her in 1884. She was also a painter, she painted many church altarpieces (e.g. Lemh\u00e9ny, Gelence), several of her works are kept in the Guild History Museum in K\u00e9zdiv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely. Her bust was unveiled on 23 May 2014. It is the work of Vargha Mih\u00e1ly."}]},"language":"en","region":"romania","regionid":4,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}